Papers › mPLUG-Owl2: Revolutionizing Multi-modal Large Language Model with Modality Collaboration

mPLUG-Owl2: Revolutionizing Multi-modal Large Language Model with Modality Collaboration

7 Nov 2023CVPR 2024 1arXiv:2311.04257archive 2025-07-28

Qinghao Ye, Haiyang Xu, Jiabo Ye, Ming Yan, Anwen Hu, Haowei Liu, Qi Qian, Ji Zhang, Fei Huang, Jingren Zhou

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive instruction abilities across various open-ended tasks. However, previous methods primarily focus on enhancing multi-modal capabilities. In this work, we introduce a versatile multi-modal large language model, mPLUG-Owl2, which effectively leverages modality collaboration to improve performance in both text and multi-modal tasks. mPLUG-Owl2 utilizes a modularized network design, with the language decoder acting as a universal interface for managing different modalities. Specifically, mPLUG-Owl2 incorporates shared functional modules to facilitate modality collaboration and introduces a modality-adaptive module that preserves modality-specific features. Extensive experiments reveal that mPLUG-Owl2 is capable of generalizing both text tasks and multi-modal tasks and achieving state-of-the-art performances with a single generic model. Notably, mPLUG-Owl2 is the first MLLM model that demonstrates the modality collaboration phenomenon in both pure-text and multi-modal scenarios, setting a pioneering path in the development of future multi-modal foundation models.

PaperPDFConference PDFCodeCode Syntology ran

In Syntology Open this paper in Syntology's Atlas, the map of the papers in Syntology's graph and their citations.

For agents, Syntology's MCP tool lists every function and class Syntology harvested from this paper and whether it ran (how to connect): get_harvested_code_for_paper(arxiv_id="2311.04257")

Code

Syntology Ran 1 of 3 code samples harvested from 0 repositories linked to this paper; 2 have no recorded run. Of those that ran: 1 ran · fixture could not drive it.

By repository: 3 identical to code first harvested elsewhere. The run record, sample by sample. “Ran” means executed on a synthesized input, not that the code is correct or reproduces the paper.

x-plug/mplug-owl officialmentioned in paperpytorchMIT report
X-PLUG/mPLUG-Owl officialpytorch report

Repository list and official/mentioned flags are the archive's, frozen 2025-07-28. Reachability, where shown, is from one Syntology probe window (2026-09-16 to 2026-09-18); repositories not probed show nothing. GitHub stars are not tracked.

Code Syntology ran Syntology

3 samples harvested; 1 ran; 0 honoured the contract we drafted; 2 have no recorded run. Read from Syntology's graph 2026-09-24; that is when this build read the record, not when the samples ran.

1ran · fixture could not drive it
2unverified

Licence: 3 of the 3 samples are pointer only, meaning Syntology does not serve that copy's text. This page shows no code text for any sample; each one links to its file in the repository.

Some samples are identical code Syntology first harvested from another repository; for those, this paper's copy is not located and its licence is not recorded. “Ran” means the sample executed on a synthesized input. It does not mean the output is correct, and nothing here reproduces the paper's results. “Honoured” and “violated” refer to a contract Syntology drafted from the code itself; “our draft was wrong” and “fixture could not drive it” are failures of Syntology's instrument, not of the code.

Each sample ends with its code_sha256, Syntology's identity for that exact code. An agent fetches the stored sample with Syntology's MCP tool get_code(code_sha256="…") (how to connect); click an identity to copy that call.

Repository labels, per sample. official repository: The archive marks this repository official for the paper. named in the paper: The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official. community (archive-listed): In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper. found in paper text by Syntology: Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted. community: Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested. Samples from a repository marked official are listed first. Licence labels name the repository's licence as recorded at harvest. “Pointer only” means Syntology does not serve that copy's text, for one of four reasons: no licence file was found; the licence was not identified; the licence is recorded as permissive but that copy's record is not marked cleared; or the licence is outside the permissive list Syntology serves text under (MIT, Apache-2.0, BSD and similar). Some licences outside that list permit redistribution, such as WTFPL, and GPL-3.0 under its conditions; they are simply not on the list. Hover a licence label for the reason. File links open the file on GitHub at the default branch, which may have changed since the harvest.

split_to_even_chunks identical code first harvested elsewhere ran · fixture could not drive it licence of this copy not recorded · 10893c4608c08075 · report
get_mm_adapter_state_maybe_zero_3 identical code first harvested elsewhere unverified licence of this copy not recorded · bb35e3ac741bb2c9 · report
maybe_zero_3 identical code first harvested elsewhere unverified licence of this copy not recorded · 735025744c1ab0cf · report

Tasks

1 Image, 2*2 StitchingDecoderLanguage ModelingLanguage ModellingLarge Language ModelLong-Context UnderstandingVisual Question AnsweringVisual Question Answering (VQA)

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Long-Context Understanding MMNeedle mPLUG-Owl-v2 1 Image, 2*2 Stitching, Exact Accuracy 1.9 #10 of 12 Archive leaderboard report
Long-Context Understanding MMNeedle mPLUG-Owl-v2 1 Image, 4*4 Stitching, Exact Accuracy 0.3 #10 of 12 Archive leaderboard report
Long-Context Understanding MMNeedle mPLUG-Owl-v2 1 Image, 8*8 Stitching, Exact Accuracy 0.7 #10 of 12 Archive leaderboard report
Long-Context Understanding MMNeedle mPLUG-Owl-v2 10 Images, 1*1 Stitching, Exact Accuracy 0.4 #10 of 12 Archive leaderboard report
Long-Context Understanding MMNeedle mPLUG-Owl-v2 10 Images, 2*2 Stitching, Exact Accuracy 0.1 #10 of 12 Archive leaderboard report
Long-Context Understanding MMNeedle mPLUG-Owl-v2 10 Images, 4*4 Stitching, Exact Accuracy 0 #10 of 12 Archive leaderboard report
Long-Context Understanding MMNeedle mPLUG-Owl-v2 10 Images, 8*8 Stitching, Exact Accuracy 0 #10 of 12 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering MM-Vet mPLUG-Owl2 GPT-4 score 36.3±0.1 #147 of 231 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering MM-Vet mPLUG-Owl2 Params 7B #147 of 231 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering (VQA) InfiMM-Eval mPLUG-Owl2 Abductive 20.6 #11 of 14 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering (VQA) InfiMM-Eval mPLUG-Owl2 Analogical 7.64 #11 of 14 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering (VQA) InfiMM-Eval mPLUG-Owl2 Deductive 23.43 #11 of 14 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering (VQA) InfiMM-Eval mPLUG-Owl2 Overall score 20.05 #11 of 14 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering (VQA) InfiMM-Eval mPLUG-Owl2 Params 7B #11 of 14 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Methods

Focus

Report a problem or propose a change · a person checks every report against the paper or source before anything changes; decisions are listed on /corrections