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ModalPINN: an extension of Physics-Informed Neural Networks with enforced truncated Fourier decomposition for periodic flow reconstruction using a limited number of imperfect sensors

19 Aug 2021arXiv:2108.08929links table onlyarchive 2025-07-28

Gaetan Raynaud, Sebastien Houde, Frederick P. Gosselin

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Continuous reconstructions of periodic phenomena provide powerful tools to understand, predict and model natural situations and engineering problems. In line with the recent method called Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINN) where a multi layer perceptron directly approximates any physical quantity as a symbolic function of time and space coordinates, we present an extension, namely ModalPINN, that encodes the approximation of a limited number of Fourier mode shapes. In addition to the added interpretability, this representation performs up to two orders of magnitude more precisely for a similar number of degrees of freedom and training time in some cases as illustrated through the test case of laminar shedding of vortices over a cylinder. This added simplicity proves to be robust in regards to flow reconstruction using only a limited number of sensors with asymmetric data that simulates an experimental configuration, even when a Gaussian noise or a random delay is added, imitating imperfect and sparse information.

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