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MedViLaM: A multimodal large language model with advanced generalizability and explainability for medical data understanding and generation

29 Sep 2024arXiv:2409.19684archive 2025-07-28

Lijian Xu, Hao Sun, Ziyu Ni, Hongsheng Li, Shaoting Zhang

Medicine is inherently multimodal and multitask, with diverse data modalities spanning text, imaging. However, most models in medical field are unimodal single tasks and lack good generalizability and explainability. In this study, we introduce MedViLaM, a unified vision-language model towards a generalist model for medical data that can flexibly encode and interpret various forms of medical data, including clinical language and imaging, all using the same set of model weights. To facilitate the creation of such multi-task model, we have curated MultiMedBench, a comprehensive pretaining dataset and benchmark consisting of several distinct tasks, i.e., continuous question-answering, multi-label disease classification, disease localization, generation and summarization of radiology reports. MedViLaM demonstrates strong performance across all MultiMedBench tasks, frequently outpacing other generalist models by a significant margin. Additionally, we present instances of zero-shot generalization to new medical concepts and tasks, effective transfer learning across different tasks, and the emergence of zero-shot medical reasoning.

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Language ModelingLanguage ModellingLarge Language ModelMultimodal Large Language ModelQuestion AnsweringTransfer LearningZero-shot Generalization

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