Papers › Magnetic skyrmions embedded in a vortex
Magnetic skyrmions embedded in a vortex
Haobing Zhang, Xintao Fan, Weiwei Wang
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Magnetic vortices and skyrmions represent two fundamental classes of topological spin textures in ferromagnetic systems, distinguished by their unique stabilization mechanisms and degrees of freedom. Vortices, characterized by circular in-plane magnetization (chirality) and out-of-plane core polarization, naturally arise in confined geometries due to the interplay between exchange and dipolar interactions. In contrast, skyrmions typically require the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction for stabilization and exhibit fixed chirality-polarity relationships. Through micromagnetic simulations, we reveal that these seemingly distinct topological states can coexist, forming a novel composite state termed the \textit{n}-skyrmion vortex, which represents a skyrmion-embedded vortex state. These composite states possess quantized topological charges Q that follow the relation Qₜₒₜₐₗ = Qᵥₒᵣₜₑₓ + nQ_(skyrmion), where n denotes the number of embedded skyrmions. Similar to vortices, these states exhibit independent chirality and polarity and are energetically degenerate.
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