Papers › MAD-X: An Adapter-Based Framework for Multi-Task Cross-Lingual Transfer

MAD-X: An Adapter-Based Framework for Multi-Task Cross-Lingual Transfer

30 Apr 2020EMNLP 2020 11arXiv:2005.00052archive 2025-07-28

Jonas Pfeiffer, Ivan Vulić, Iryna Gurevych, Sebastian Ruder

The main goal behind state-of-the-art pre-trained multilingual models such as multilingual BERT and XLM-R is enabling and bootstrapping NLP applications in low-resource languages through zero-shot or few-shot cross-lingual transfer. However, due to limited model capacity, their transfer performance is the weakest exactly on such low-resource languages and languages unseen during pre-training. We propose MAD-X, an adapter-based framework that enables high portability and parameter-efficient transfer to arbitrary tasks and languages by learning modular language and task representations. In addition, we introduce a novel invertible adapter architecture and a strong baseline method for adapting a pre-trained multilingual model to a new language. MAD-X outperforms the state of the art in cross-lingual transfer across a representative set of typologically diverse languages on named entity recognition and causal commonsense reasoning, and achieves competitive results on question answering. Our code and adapters are available at AdapterHub.ml

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Code

cambridgeltl/xcopa officialmentioned in papermentioned on GitHubCC-BY-4.0 report
Adapter-Hub/adapter-transformers mentioned in paperpytorchApache-2.0 report
aaronsom/wmt21-qe-tudarmstadt mentioned on GitHubpytorch report

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Tasks

Cross-Lingual TransferNamed Entity RecognitionNamed Entity Recognition (NER)Question AnsweringXLM-Rnamed-entity-recognition

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Cross-Lingual Transfer XCOPA MAD-X Base Accuracy 60.94 #5 of 6 Archive leaderboard report

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Methods

AdamAttentionAttention DropoutBERTDense ConnectionsDropoutLayer NormalizationLinear LayerLinear Warmup With Linear DecayMulti-Head AttentionResidual ConnectionSoftmaxWeight DecayWordPieceXLM-R

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