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Machine learning constraints on deviations from general relativity from the large scale structure of the Universe

26 Sep 2022arXiv:2209.12799links table onlyarchive 2025-07-28

George Alestas, Lavrentios Kazantzidis, Savvas Nesseris

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We use a particular machine learning approach, called the genetic algorithms (GA), in order to place constraints on deviations from general relativity (GR) via a possible evolution of Newton's constant μ≡G_(eff)/G_N and of the dark energy anisotropic stress η, both defined to be equal to one in GR. Specifically, we use a plethora of background and linear-order perturbations data, such as type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, cosmic chronometers, redshift space distortions and E_g data. We find that although the GA is affected by the lower quality of the currently available data, especially from the E_g data, the reconstruction of Newton's constant is consistent with a constant value within the errors. On the other hand, the anisotropic stress deviates strongly from unity due to the sparsity and the systematics of the E_g data. Finally, we also create synthetic data based on a next-generation survey and forecast the limits of any possible detection of deviations from GR. In particular, we use two fiducial models: one based on the cosmological constant ΛCDM model and another on a model with an evolving Newton's constant, dubbed μCDM. We find that the GA reconstructions of μ(z) and η(z) can be constrained to within a few percent of the fiducial models and in the case of the μCDM mocks, they can also provide a strong detection of several σs, thus demonstrating the utility of the GA reconstruction approach.

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