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LHU-Net: A Light Hybrid U-Net for Cost-Efficient, High-Performance Volumetric Medical Image Segmentation

7 Apr 2024arXiv:2404.05102archive 2025-07-28

Yousef Sadegheih, Afshin Bozorgpour, Pratibha Kumari, Reza Azad, Dorit Merhof

The rise of Transformer architectures has revolutionized medical image segmentation, leading to hybrid models that combine Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformers for enhanced accuracy. However, these models often suffer from increased complexity and overlook the interplay between spatial and channel features, which is vital for segmentation precision. We introduce LHU-Net, a streamlined Hybrid U-Net for volumetric medical image segmentation, designed to first analyze spatial and then channel features for effective feature extraction. Tested on five benchmark datasets (Synapse, LA, Pancreas, ACDC, BRaTS 2018), LHU-Net demonstrated superior efficiency and accuracy, notably achieving a 92.66 Dice score on ACDC with 85% fewer parameters and a quarter of the computational demand compared to leading models. This performance, achieved without pre-training, extra data, or model ensembles, sets new benchmarks for computational efficiency and accuracy in segmentation, using under 11 million parameters. This achievement highlights that balancing computational efficiency with high accuracy in medical image segmentation is feasible. Our implementation of LHU-Net is freely accessible to the research community on GitHub (https://github.com/xmindflow/LHUNet).

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Tasks

Computational EfficiencyImage SegmentationMedical Image SegmentationSegmentationSemantic SegmentationVolumetric Medical Image Segmentation

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Medical Image Segmentation Automatic Cardiac Diagnosis Challenge (ACDC) LHU-Net Avg DSC 92.65 #4 of 20 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Methods

Absolute Position EncodingsAdamAttentionBPEConcatenated Skip ConnectionConvolutionDense ConnectionsDropoutFocusLabel SmoothingLayer NormalizationLinear LayerMax PoolingMulti-Head AttentionPosition-Wise Feed-Forward LayerReLUResidual ConnectionSoftmaxTransformerU-Net

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