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Learning One Class Representations for Face Presentation Attack Detection using Multi-channel Convolutional Neural Networks

22 Jul 2020arXiv:2007.11457archive 2025-07-28

Anjith George, Sebastien Marcel

Face recognition has evolved as a widely used biometric modality. However, its vulnerability against presentation attacks poses a significant security threat. Though presentation attack detection (PAD) methods try to address this issue, they often fail in generalizing to unseen attacks. In this work, we propose a new framework for PAD using a one-class classifier, where the representation used is learned with a Multi-Channel Convolutional Neural Network (MCCNN). A novel loss function is introduced, which forces the network to learn a compact embedding for bonafide class while being far from the representation of attacks. A one-class Gaussian Mixture Model is used on top of these embeddings for the PAD task. The proposed framework introduces a novel approach to learn a robust PAD system from bonafide and available (known) attack classes. This is particularly important as collecting bonafide data and simpler attacks are much easier than collecting a wide variety of expensive attacks. The proposed system is evaluated on the publicly available WMCA multi-channel face PAD database, which contains a wide variety of 2D and 3D attacks. Further, we have performed experiments with MLFP and SiW-M datasets using RGB channels only. Superior performance in unseen attack protocols shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Software, data, and protocols to reproduce the results are made available publicly.

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Tasks

Face Anti-SpoofingFace Presentation Attack DetectionFace RecognitionOne-class classifier

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Face Anti-Spoofing MLFP MCCNN (BCE+OCCL)-GMM HTER 3.4 #1 of 1 Archive leaderboard report
Face Presentation Attack Detection WMCA MCCNN(BCE+OCCL)-GMM ACER 0.097 #1 of 3 Archive leaderboard report

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Methods

1x1 Convolution

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