Papers › Kernel Normalized Convolutional Networks

Kernel Normalized Convolutional Networks

20 May 2022arXiv:2205.10089archive 2025-07-28

Reza Nasirigerdeh, Reihaneh Torkzadehmahani, Daniel Rueckert, Georgios Kaissis

Existing convolutional neural network architectures frequently rely upon batch normalization (BatchNorm) to effectively train the model. BatchNorm, however, performs poorly with small batch sizes, and is inapplicable to differential privacy. To address these limitations, we propose the kernel normalization (KernelNorm) and kernel normalized convolutional layers, and incorporate them into kernel normalized convolutional networks (KNConvNets) as the main building blocks. We implement KNConvNets corresponding to the state-of-the-art ResNets while forgoing the BatchNorm layers. Through extensive experiments, we illustrate that KNConvNets achieve higher or competitive performance compared to the BatchNorm counterparts in image classification and semantic segmentation. They also significantly outperform their batch-independent competitors including those based on layer and group normalization in non-private and differentially private training. Given that, KernelNorm combines the batch-independence property of layer and group normalization with the performance advantage of BatchNorm.

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Federated LearningImage ClassificationSemantic Segmentationimage-classification

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Methods

1x1 ConvolutionAverage PoolingBatch NormalizationBottleneck Residual BlockConcatenated Skip ConnectionConvolutionDense BlockDense ConnectionsDropoutGlobal Average PoolingKaiming InitializationMax PoolingReLUResidual BlockResidual ConnectionSoftmax

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