Papers › Injecting Numerical Reasoning Skills into Knowledge Base Question Answering Models

Injecting Numerical Reasoning Skills into Knowledge Base Question Answering Models

12 Dec 2021arXiv:2112.06109archive 2025-07-28

Yu Feng, Jing Zhang, Xiaokang Zhang, Lemao Liu, Cuiping Li, Hong Chen

Embedding-based methods are popular for Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA), but few current models have numerical reasoning skills and thus struggle to answer ordinal constrained questions. This paper proposes a new embedding-based KBQA framework which particularly takes numerical reasoning into account. We present NumericalTransformer on top of NSM, a state-of-the-art embedding-based KBQA model, to create NT-NSM. To enable better training, we propose two pre-training tasks with explicit numerical-oriented loss functions on two generated training datasets and a template-based data augmentation method for enriching ordinal constrained QA dataset. Extensive experiments on KBQA benchmarks demonstrate that with the help of our training algorithm, NT-NSM is empowered with numerical reasoning skills and substantially outperforms the baselines in answering ordinal constrained questions.

PaperPDFCode

In Syntology View this paper on Syntology: its repositories, every harvested function with whether it ran, its licence and the call to fetch it.

Open this paper in Syntology's Atlas, the map of the papers in Syntology's graph and their citations.

Code

ruckbreasoning/numkbqa mentioned on GitHubpytorch report

Repository list and official/mentioned flags are the archive's, frozen 2025-07-28. Reachability, where shown, is from one Syntology probe window (2026-09-16 to 2026-09-18); repositories not probed show nothing. GitHub stars are not tracked.

Code Syntology ran Syntology

Not run by Syntology. Nothing on this page verifies that the listed code works.

Tasks

Data AugmentationKnowledge Base Question AnsweringQuestion Answering

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

No leaderboard rows for this paper in the archive.

Methods

BASE

Report a problem or propose a change · a person checks every report against the paper or source before anything changes; decisions are listed on /corrections