Papers › Improving the prediction of protein stability changes upon mutations by geometric...

Improving the prediction of protein stability changes upon mutations by geometric learning and a pre-training strategy

25 Oct 2024Nature 2024 10archive 2025-07-28

Yunxin Xu, Di Liu, Haipeng Gong

Accurate prediction of protein mutation effects is of great importance in protein engineering and design. Here we propose GeoStab-suite, a suite of three geometric learning-based models—GeoFitness, GeoDDG and GeoDTm—for the prediction of fitness score, ΔΔG and ΔTm of a protein upon mutations, respectively. GeoFitness engages a specialized loss function to allow supervised training of a unified model using the large amount of multi-labeled fitness data in the deep mutational scanning database. To further improve the downstream tasks of ΔΔG and ΔTm prediction, the encoder of GeoFitness is reutilized as a pre-trained module in GeoDDG and GeoDTm to overcome the challenge of lacking sufficient labeled data. This pre-training strategy, in combination with data expansion, markedly improves model performance and generalizability. In the benchmark test, GeoDDG and GeoDTm outperform the other state-of-the-art methods by at least 30% and 70%, respectively, in terms of the Spearman correlation coefficient.

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