Papers › Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuning

Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuning

5 Oct 2023CVPR 2024 1arXiv:2310.03744archive 2025-07-28

Haotian Liu, Chunyuan Li, Yuheng Li, Yong Jae Lee

Large multimodal models (LMM) have recently shown encouraging progress with visual instruction tuning. In this note, we show that the fully-connected vision-language cross-modal connector in LLaVA is surprisingly powerful and data-efficient. With simple modifications to LLaVA, namely, using CLIP-ViT-L-336px with an MLP projection and adding academic-task-oriented VQA data with simple response formatting prompts, we establish stronger baselines that achieve state-of-the-art across 11 benchmarks. Our final 13B checkpoint uses merely 1.2M publicly available data, and finishes full training in ~1 day on a single 8-A100 node. We hope this can make state-of-the-art LMM research more accessible. Code and model will be publicly available.

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Code

Syntology Ran 6 of 9 code samples harvested from 1 repository linked to this paper; 3 have no recorded run. Of those that ran: 3 ran · violated contract; 1 ran · our draft was wrong; 2 ran · fixture could not drive it.

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LLaVA-VL/LLaVA-NeXT mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
albertotestoni/ndq_visual_objects mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
dinhvietcuong1996/icme25-inova mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
haotian-liu/LLaVA mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
huggingface/transformers mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
linzhiqiu/clip-flant5 mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
skunkworksai/bakllava mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
sshh12/multi_token mentioned on GitHubpytorch report
x2fd/lvis-instruct4v mentioned on GitHubMIT report

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9 samples harvested; 6 ran; 0 honoured the contract we drafted; 3 have no recorded run. Read from Syntology's graph 2026-09-24; that is when this build read the record, not when the samples ran.

3ran · violated contract
1ran · our draft was wrong
2ran · fixture could not drive it
3unverified

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build_model_from_openai_state_dict dinhvietcuong1996/icme25-inova/llava/model/multimodal_encoder/dev_eva_clip/eva_clip/model.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 275eb8fe6104bf3a · report
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get_cast_dtype identical code first harvested elsewhere ran · our draft was wrong licence of this copy not recorded · dcd422d66b0581d8 · report
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should_only_save_mm_adapter identical code first harvested elsewhere ran · violated contract licence of this copy not recorded · 08787a49ef19e0aa · report
split_to_even_chunks identical code first harvested elsewhere ran · fixture could not drive it licence of this copy not recorded · 10893c4608c08075 · report
unpad_image identical code first harvested elsewhere ran · fixture could not drive it fingerprinted licence of this copy not recorded · 55c32993da87759b · report
get_mm_adapter_state_maybe_zero_3 identical code first harvested elsewhere unverified licence of this copy not recorded · bb35e3ac741bb2c9 · report
maybe_zero_3 identical code first harvested elsewhere unverified licence of this copy not recorded · 735025744c1ab0cf · report

Tasks

Factual Inconsistency Detection in Chart CaptioningImage ClassificationReferring Expression ComprehensionReferring expression generationSpatial ReasoningVisual Question AnsweringVisual Question Answering (VQA)visual instruction following

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Factual Inconsistency Detection in Chart Captioning CHOCOLATE-FT LLaVA-1.5-13B Kendall's Tau-c 0.214 #4 of 5 Archive leaderboard report
Factual Inconsistency Detection in Chart Captioning CHOCOLATE-LLM LLaVA-1.5-13B Kendall's Tau-c 0.057 #5 of 5 Archive leaderboard report
Factual Inconsistency Detection in Chart Captioning CHOCOLATE-LVLM LLaVA-1.5-13B Kendall's Tau-c 0.002 #4 of 5 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ColonINST-v1 (Seen) LLaVA-v1.5 (w/ LoRA, w/ extra data) Accuray 93.33 #6 of 17 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ColonINST-v1 (Seen) LLaVA-v1.5 (w/ LoRA, w/o extra data) Accuray 92.97 #9 of 17 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ColonINST-v1 (Unseen) LLaVA-v1.5 (w/ LoRA, w/ extra data) Accuray 80.89 #2 of 17 Archive leaderboard report
Image Classification ColonINST-v1 (Unseen) LLaVA-v1.5 (w/ LoRA, w/o extra data) Accuray 79.10 #6 of 17 Archive leaderboard report
Referring expression generation ColonINST-v1 (Seen) LLaVA-v1.5 (w/ LoRA, w/ extra data) Accuray 99.32 #2 of 17 Archive leaderboard report
Referring expression generation ColonINST-v1 (Seen) LLaVA-v1.5 (w/ LoRA, w/o extra data) Accuray 98.58 #5 of 17 Archive leaderboard report
Referring expression generation ColonINST-v1 (Unseen) LLaVA-v1.5 (w/ LoRA, w/ extra data) Accuray 72.88 #9 of 17 Archive leaderboard report
Referring expression generation ColonINST-v1 (Unseen) LLaVA-v1.5 (w/ LoRA, w/o extra data) Accuray 70.38 #11 of 17 Archive leaderboard report
Spatial Reasoning 6-DoF SpatialBench LLaVA-1.5 Orientation-abs 25.8 #7 of 7 Archive leaderboard report
Spatial Reasoning 6-DoF SpatialBench LLaVA-1.5 Orientation-rel 28.3 #7 of 7 Archive leaderboard report
Spatial Reasoning 6-DoF SpatialBench LLaVA-1.5 Position-abs 24.5 #7 of 7 Archive leaderboard report
Spatial Reasoning 6-DoF SpatialBench LLaVA-1.5 Position-rel 30.9 #7 of 7 Archive leaderboard report
Spatial Reasoning 6-DoF SpatialBench LLaVA-1.5 Total 27.2 #7 of 7 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering BenchLMM LLaVA-1.5-13B GPT-3.5 score 55.53 #3 of 10 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering MM-Vet LLaVA-1.5-13B GPT-4 score 36.3±0.2 #145 of 231 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering MM-Vet LLaVA-1.5-13B Params 13B #145 of 231 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering MM-Vet LLaVA-1.5-7B GPT-4 score 31.1±0.2 #197 of 231 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering MM-Vet LLaVA-1.5-7B Params 7B #197 of 231 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering MM-Vet v2 LLaVA-v1.5-13B GPT-4 score 33.2±0.1 #21 of 24 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering MM-Vet v2 LLaVA-v1.5-13B Params 13B #21 of 24 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering MM-Vet v2 LLaVA-v1.5-7B GPT-4 score 28.3±0.2 #22 of 24 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering MM-Vet v2 LLaVA-v1.5-7B Params 7B #22 of 24 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering ViP-Bench LLaVA-1.5-13B (Coordinates) GPT-4 score (bbox) 47.1 #5 of 13 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering ViP-Bench LLaVA-1.5-13B (Visual Prompt) GPT-4 score (bbox) 41.8 #8 of 13 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering ViP-Bench LLaVA-1.5-13B (Visual Prompt) GPT-4 score (human) 42.9 #8 of 13 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering (VQA) AutoHallusion LLaVA-1.5 Overall Accuracy 44.5 #4 of 5 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering (VQA) InfiMM-Eval LLaVA-1.5 Abductive 47.91 #5 of 14 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering (VQA) InfiMM-Eval LLaVA-1.5 Analogical 24.31 #5 of 14 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering (VQA) InfiMM-Eval LLaVA-1.5 Deductive 30.94 #5 of 14 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering (VQA) InfiMM-Eval LLaVA-1.5 Overall score 32.62 #5 of 14 Archive leaderboard report
Visual Question Answering (VQA) InfiMM-Eval LLaVA-1.5 Params 13B #5 of 14 Archive leaderboard report
visual instruction following LLaVA-Bench LLaVA-v1.5-13B avg score 70.7 #4 of 8 Archive leaderboard report
visual instruction following LLaVA-Bench LLaVA-v1.5-7B avg score 63.4 #5 of 8 Archive leaderboard report

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