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Hardware Architecture of Embedded Inference Accelerator and Analysis of Algorithms for Depthwise and Large-Kernel Convolutions

29 Apr 2021arXiv:2104.14125archive 2025-07-28

Tse-Wei Chen, Wei Tao, Deyu Wang, Dongchao Wen, Kinya Osa, Masami Kato

In order to handle modern convolutional neural networks (CNNs) efficiently, a hardware architecture of CNN inference accelerator is proposed to handle depthwise convolutions and regular convolutions, which are both essential building blocks for embedded-computer-vision algorithms. Different from related works, the proposed architecture can support filter kernels with different sizes with high flexibility since it does not require extra costs for intra-kernel parallelism, and it can generate convolution results faster than the architecture of the related works. The experimental results show the importance of supporting depthwise convolutions and dilated convolutions with the proposed hardware architecture. In addition to depthwise convolutions with large-kernels, a new structure called DDC layer, which includes the combination of depthwise convolutions and dilated convolutions, is also analyzed in this paper. For face detection, the computational costs decrease by 30%, and the model size decreases by 20% when the DDC layers are applied to the network. For image classification, the accuracy is increased by 1% by simply replacing 3 ×3 filters with 5 ×5 filters in depthwise convolutions.

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Tasks

Face DetectionImage Classificationimage-classification

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Face Detection WIDER FACE MobileNetV1-0.25 Average Top-1 Accuracy 68.98 #1 of 1 Archive leaderboard report

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Methods

Convolution

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