Papers › H-AES: Towards Automated Essay Scoring for Hindi

H-AES: Towards Automated Essay Scoring for Hindi

28 Feb 2023arXiv:2302.14635archive 2025-07-28

Shubhankar Singh, Anirudh Pupneja, Shivaansh Mital, Cheril Shah, Manish Bawkar, Lakshman Prasad Gupta, Ajit Kumar, Yaman Kumar, Rushali Gupta, Rajiv Ratn Shah

The use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) for Automated Essay Scoring (AES) has been well explored in the English language, with benchmark models exhibiting performance comparable to human scorers. However, AES in Hindi and other low-resource languages remains unexplored. In this study, we reproduce and compare state-of-the-art methods for AES in the Hindi domain. We employ classical feature-based Machine Learning (ML) and advanced end-to-end models, including LSTM Networks and Fine-Tuned Transformer Architecture, in our approach and derive results comparable to those in the English language domain. Hindi being a low-resource language, lacks a dedicated essay-scoring corpus. We train and evaluate our models using translated English essays and empirically measure their performance on our own small-scale, real-world Hindi corpus. We follow this up with an in-depth analysis discussing prompt-specific behavior of different language models implemented.

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Automated Essay Scoring

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Absolute Position EncodingsAdamAttentionBPEDense ConnectionsDropoutLSTMLabel SmoothingLayer NormalizationLinear LayerMulti-Head AttentionPosition-Wise Feed-Forward LayerResidual ConnectionSigmoid ActivationSoftmaxTanh ActivationTransformer

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