Papers › Giving BERT a Calculator: Finding Operations and Arguments with Reading Comprehension

Giving BERT a Calculator: Finding Operations and Arguments with Reading Comprehension

31 Aug 2019IJCNLP 2019 11arXiv:1909.00109archive 2025-07-28

Daniel Andor, Luheng He, Kenton Lee, Emily Pitler

Reading comprehension models have been successfully applied to extractive text answers, but it is unclear how best to generalize these models to abstractive numerical answers. We enable a BERT-based reading comprehension model to perform lightweight numerical reasoning. We augment the model with a predefined set of executable 'programs' which encompass simple arithmetic as well as extraction. Rather than having to learn to manipulate numbers directly, the model can pick a program and execute it. On the recent Discrete Reasoning Over Passages (DROP) dataset, designed to challenge reading comprehension models, we show a 33% absolute improvement by adding shallow programs. The model can learn to predict new operations when appropriate in a math word problem setting (Roy and Roth, 2015) with very few training examples.

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Tasks

MathQuestion AnsweringReading Comprehension

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Question Answering DROP Test BERT+Calculator (ensemble) F1 81.78 #4 of 16 Archive leaderboard report

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