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Generative Speech Recognition Error Correction with Large Language Models and Task-Activating Prompting

27 Sep 2023arXiv:2309.15649archive 2025-07-28

Chao-Han Huck Yang, Yile Gu, Yi-Chieh Liu, Shalini Ghosh, Ivan Bulyko, Andreas Stolcke

We explore the ability of large language models (LLMs) to act as speech recognition post-processors that perform rescoring and error correction. Our first focus is on instruction prompting to let LLMs perform these task without fine-tuning, for which we evaluate different prompting schemes, both zero- and few-shot in-context learning, and a novel task activation prompting method that combines causal instructions and demonstration to increase its context windows. Next, we show that rescoring only by in-context learning with frozen LLMs achieves results that are competitive with rescoring by domain-tuned LMs, using a pretrained first-pass recognition system and rescoring output on two out-of-domain tasks (ATIS and WSJ). By combining prompting techniques with fine-tuning we achieve error rates below the N-best oracle level, showcasing the generalization power of the LLMs.

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