Papers › GAN Prior Embedded Network for Blind Face Restoration in the Wild

GAN Prior Embedded Network for Blind Face Restoration in the Wild

13 May 2021CVPR 2021 1arXiv:2105.06070archive 2025-07-28

Tao Yang, Peiran Ren, Xuansong Xie, Lei Zhang

Blind face restoration (BFR) from severely degraded face images in the wild is a very challenging problem. Due to the high illness of the problem and the complex unknown degradation, directly training a deep neural network (DNN) usually cannot lead to acceptable results. Existing generative adversarial network (GAN) based methods can produce better results but tend to generate over-smoothed restorations. In this work, we propose a new method by first learning a GAN for high-quality face image generation and embedding it into a U-shaped DNN as a prior decoder, then fine-tuning the GAN prior embedded DNN with a set of synthesized low-quality face images. The GAN blocks are designed to ensure that the latent code and noise input to the GAN can be respectively generated from the deep and shallow features of the DNN, controlling the global face structure, local face details and background of the reconstructed image. The proposed GAN prior embedded network (GPEN) is easy-to-implement, and it can generate visually photo-realistic results. Our experiments demonstrated that the proposed GPEN achieves significantly superior results to state-of-the-art BFR methods both quantitatively and qualitatively, especially for the restoration of severely degraded face images in the wild. The source code and models can be found at https://github.com/yangxy/GPEN.

PaperPDFConference PDFCodeCode Syntology ran

In Syntology Open this paper in Syntology's Atlas, the map of the papers in Syntology's graph and their citations.

For agents, Syntology's MCP tool lists every function and class Syntology harvested from this paper and whether it ran (how to connect): get_harvested_code_for_paper(arxiv_id="2105.06070")

Code

Syntology Ran 16 of 21 code samples harvested from 1 repository linked to this paper; 5 have no recorded run. Of those that ran: 3 ran · fixture could not drive it; 13 ran with no contract checked.

By repository: official repository: 21 samples from 1 repository, 16 ran. The run record, sample by sample. “Ran” means executed on a synthesized input, not that the code is correct or reproduces the paper.

yangxy/GPEN officialmentioned in papermentioned on GitHubpytorch report
woctezuma/SimSwap-colab mentioned on GitHubMIT report

Repository list and official/mentioned flags are the archive's, frozen 2025-07-28. Reachability, where shown, is from one Syntology probe window (2026-09-16 to 2026-09-18); repositories not probed show nothing. GitHub stars are not tracked.

Code Syntology ran Syntology

21 samples harvested; 16 ran; 0 honoured the contract we drafted; 5 have no recorded run. Read from Syntology's graph 2026-09-24; that is when this build read the record, not when the samples ran.

3ran · fixture could not drive it
13ran
5unverified

Licence: 21 of the 21 samples are pointer only, meaning Syntology does not serve that copy's text. This page shows no code text for any sample; each one links to its file in the repository.

Harvested from yangxy/GPEN. “Ran” means the sample executed on a synthesized input. It does not mean the output is correct, and nothing here reproduces the paper's results. “Honoured” and “violated” refer to a contract Syntology drafted from the code itself; “our draft was wrong” and “fixture could not drive it” are failures of Syntology's instrument, not of the code.

Each sample ends with its code_sha256, Syntology's identity for that exact code. An agent fetches the stored sample with Syntology's MCP tool get_code(code_sha256="…") (how to connect); click an identity to copy that call.

Repository labels, per sample. official repository: The archive marks this repository official for the paper. named in the paper: The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official. community (archive-listed): In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper. found in paper text by Syntology: Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted. community: Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested. Samples from a repository marked official are listed first. Licence labels name the repository's licence as recorded at harvest. “Pointer only” means Syntology does not serve that copy's text, for one of four reasons: no licence file was found; the licence was not identified; the licence is recorded as permissive but that copy's record is not marked cleared; or the licence is outside the permissive list Syntology serves text under (MIT, Apache-2.0, BSD and similar). Some licences outside that list permit redistribution, such as WTFPL, and GPL-3.0 under its conditions; they are simply not on the list. Hover a licence label for the reason. File links open the file on GitHub at the default branch, which may have changed since the harvest.

Blur yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran · metamorphic tier: deterministic fingerprinted no licence file found · pointer only · 817b02137d001af3 · report
ConvLayer yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran fingerprinted no licence file found · pointer only · ded6faa949d33e01 · report
EqualConv2d yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran · metamorphic tier: deterministic fingerprinted no licence file found · pointer only · 6671b8310bdd070f · report
EqualLinear yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran · metamorphic tier: deterministic no licence file found · pointer only · 86832aeb38a30381 · report
FusedLeakyReLU yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran · metamorphic tier: deterministic fingerprinted no licence file found · pointer only · 2c52e908a19ce0ec · report
FusedLeakyReLUFunction yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran no licence file found · pointer only · 2986127aefd3f811 · report
FusedLeakyReLUFunctionBackward yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran no licence file found · pointer only · d86087185b547dc5 · report
NoiseInjection yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran fingerprinted no licence file found · pointer only · 31acaa629c342156 · report
PixelNorm yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran · metamorphic tier: invariant fingerprinted no licence file found · pointer only · 44c74356425e3a9a · report
ScaledLeakyReLU yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran · metamorphic tier: deterministic fingerprinted no licence file found · pointer only · e752706dac396c70 · report
UpFirDn2d yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran no licence file found · pointer only · 29c4ccc455835238 · report
UpFirDn2dBackward yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran no licence file found · pointer only · 0ecd7eb47f14bf8f · report
Upsample yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran · metamorphic tier: deterministic fingerprinted no licence file found · pointer only · 30864eacf1de8c4b · report
fused_leaky_relu yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran · fixture could not drive it no licence file found · pointer only · 507f73ae37ec8dda · report
upfirdn2d yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran · fixture could not drive it no licence file found · pointer only · e0b304c618b82986 · report
upfirdn2d_native yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository ran · fixture could not drive it no licence file found · pointer only · 054eb982e90af080 · report
FullGenerator yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository unverified no licence file found · pointer only · 451b73e4c7da557b · report
Generator yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository unverified no licence file found · pointer only · 5d1d764abd180e05 · report
ModulatedConv2d yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository unverified no licence file found · pointer only · 56ce990d99525f1d · report
StyledConv yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository unverified no licence file found · pointer only · f99fbc31c41473fc · report
ToRGB yangxy/GPEN/face_model/gpen_model.py official repository unverified no licence file found · pointer only · cb0a65c2bec8bb30 · report

Tasks

Blind Face RestorationDecoderImage Generation

1 archive task tag without a task page not shown.

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ GPEN FID 31.72 #1 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ GPEN LPIPS 0.346 #1 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ GPEN PSNR 20.80 #1 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ HiFaceGAN FID 56.67 #2 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ HiFaceGAN LPIPS 0.392 #2 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ HiFaceGAN PSNR 21.33 #2 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ Pix2PixHD FID 76.89 #3 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ Pix2PixHD LPIPS 0.494 #3 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ Pix2PixHD PSNR 20.45 #3 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ GFRNet FID 134.92 #4 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ GFRNet LPIPS 0.597 #4 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ GFRNet PSNR 21.70 #4 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ GWAInet FID 135.84 #5 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ GWAInet LPIPS 0.569 #5 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ GWAInet PSNR 19.84 #5 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ Super-FAN FID 136.83 #6 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ Super-FAN LPIPS 0.616 #6 of 6 Archive leaderboard report
Blind Face Restoration CelebA-HQ Super-FAN PSNR 21.56 #6 of 6 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Report a problem or propose a change · a person checks every report against the paper or source before anything changes; decisions are listed on /corrections