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Fast offline decoding with local message-passing automata

3 Jun 2025arXiv:2506.03266links table onlyarchive 2025-07-28

Ethan Lake

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We present a local offline decoder for topological codes that operates according to a parallelized message-passing framework. The decoder works by passing messages between anyons, with the contents of received messages used to move nearby anyons towards one another. We prove the existence of a threshold, and show that in a system of linear size L, decoding terminates with an O((logL)^η) average-case runtime, where η is a small constant. For the toric code subject to i.i.d Pauli noise, our decoder has η=1 and a threshold at a noise strength of p_c≈7.3%.

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