Papers › Exact, Parallelizable Dynamic Time Warping Alignment with Linear Memory

Exact, Parallelizable Dynamic Time Warping Alignment with Linear Memory

4 Aug 2020arXiv:2008.02734archive 2025-07-28

Christopher Tralie, Elizabeth Dempsey

Audio alignment is a fundamental preprocessing step in many MIR pipelines. For two audio clips with M and N frames, respectively, the most popular approach, dynamic time warping (DTW), has O(MN) requirements in both memory and computation, which is prohibitive for frame-level alignments at reasonable rates. To address this, a variety of memory efficient algorithms exist to approximate the optimal alignment under the DTW cost. To our knowledge, however, no exact algorithms exist that are guaranteed to break the quadratic memory barrier. In this work, we present a divide and conquer algorithm that computes the exact globally optimal DTW alignment using O(M+N) memory. Its runtime is still O(MN), trading off memory for a 2x increase in computation. However, the algorithm can be parallelized up to a factor of min(M, N) with the same memory constraints, so it can still run more efficiently than the textbook version with an adequate GPU. We use our algorithm to compute exact alignments on a collection of orchestral music, which we use as ground truth to benchmark the alignment accuracy of several popular approximate alignment schemes at scales that were not previously possible.

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check_euclidean_inputs ctralie/linmdtw/linmdtw/dtw.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 6e77c3c39b1aada7 · report
dtw_brute ctralie/linmdtw/linmdtw/dtw.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · a18c55fc4badbe56 · report
dtw_brute_backtrace ctralie/linmdtw/linmdtw/dtw.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 5ceaca38a267b7cc · report
dtw_diag_gpu ctralie/linmdtw/linmdtw/dtwgpu.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 7b2db475a8bb953d · report
get_DLNC0 ctralie/linmdtw/linmdtw/audiotools.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · abf86360b11c23c3 · report
get_box_area ctralie/linmdtw/linmdtw/dtwapprox.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · f03812450d38974b · report
get_cdf ctralie/linmdtw/experiments/paperfigures.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 5fa5734371d5cc67 · report
get_csm ctralie/linmdtw/linmdtw/alignmenttools.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · d884e7c1b6bf2842 · report
get_diag_indices ctralie/linmdtw/linmdtw/alignmenttools.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · a192a013abe3c322 · report
get_diag_len ctralie/linmdtw/linmdtw/alignmenttools.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 185581686f50c2ee · report
get_mixed_DLNC0_CENS ctralie/linmdtw/linmdtw/audiotools.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · d03d52c6cb252419 · report
load_audio ctralie/linmdtw/linmdtw/audiotools.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 5f0af94e039bd318 · report

Tasks

Dynamic Time Warping

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Methods

DTW

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