Papers › Entity Linking in 100 Languages

Entity Linking in 100 Languages

5 Nov 2020EMNLP 2020 11arXiv:2011.02690archive 2025-07-28

Jan A. Botha, Zifei Shan, Daniel Gillick

We propose a new formulation for multilingual entity linking, where language-specific mentions resolve to a language-agnostic Knowledge Base. We train a dual encoder in this new setting, building on prior work with improved feature representation, negative mining, and an auxiliary entity-pairing task, to obtain a single entity retrieval model that covers 100+ languages and 20 million entities. The model outperforms state-of-the-art results from a far more limited cross-lingual linking task. Rare entities and low-resource languages pose challenges at this large-scale, so we advocate for an increased focus on zero- and few-shot evaluation. To this end, we provide Mewsli-9, a large new multilingual dataset (http://goo.gle/mewsli-dataset) matched to our setting, and show how frequency-based analysis provided key insights for our model and training enhancements.

PaperPDFConference PDFCodeCode Syntology ran

In Syntology Open this paper in Syntology's Atlas, the map of the papers in Syntology's graph and their citations.

For agents, Syntology's MCP tool lists every function and class Syntology harvested from this paper and whether it ran (how to connect): get_harvested_code_for_paper(arxiv_id="2011.02690")

Code

Syntology Ran 6 of 9 code samples harvested from 1 repository linked to this paper; 3 have no recorded run. Of those that ran: 1 ran · our draft was wrong; 1 ran · fixture could not drive it; 4 ran with no contract checked.

By repository: community (archive-listed): 9 samples from 1 repository, 6 ran. The run record, sample by sample. “Ran” means executed on a synthesized input, not that the code is correct or reproduces the paper.

hazyresearch/tabi mentioned on GitHubpytorch report

Repository list and official/mentioned flags are the archive's, frozen 2025-07-28. Reachability, where shown, is from one Syntology probe window (2026-09-16 to 2026-09-18); repositories not probed show nothing. GitHub stars are not tracked.

Code Syntology ran Syntology

9 samples harvested; 6 ran; 0 honoured the contract we drafted; 3 have no recorded run. Read from Syntology's graph 2026-09-24; that is when this build read the record, not when the samples ran.

1ran · our draft was wrong
1ran · fixture could not drive it
4ran
3unverified

Licence: 0 of the 9 samples are pointer only, meaning Syntology does not serve that copy's text. This page shows no code text for any sample; each one links to its file in the repository.

Harvested from hazyresearch/tabi. “Ran” means the sample executed on a synthesized input. It does not mean the output is correct, and nothing here reproduces the paper's results. “Honoured” and “violated” refer to a contract Syntology drafted from the code itself; “our draft was wrong” and “fixture could not drive it” are failures of Syntology's instrument, not of the code.

Each sample ends with its code_sha256, Syntology's identity for that exact code. An agent fetches the stored sample with Syntology's MCP tool get_code(code_sha256="…") (how to connect); click an identity to copy that call.

Repository labels, per sample. official repository: The archive marks this repository official for the paper. named in the paper: The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official. community (archive-listed): In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper. found in paper text by Syntology: Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted. community: Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested. Samples from a repository marked official are listed first. Licence labels name the repository's licence as recorded at harvest. “Pointer only” means Syntology does not serve that copy's text, for one of four reasons: no licence file was found; the licence was not identified; the licence is recorded as permissive but that copy's record is not marked cleared; or the licence is outside the permissive list Syntology serves text under (MIT, Apache-2.0, BSD and similar). Some licences outside that list permit redistribution, such as WTFPL, and GPL-3.0 under its conditions; they are simply not on the list. Hover a licence label for the reason. File links open the file on GitHub at the default branch, which may have changed since the harvest.

Aggregator hazyresearch/tabi/tabi/models/biencoder.py community (archive-listed) ran · metamorphic tier: deterministic fingerprinted Apache-2.0 (permissive) · e911f82624c5244f · report
GatherLayer hazyresearch/tabi/tabi/models/biencoder.py community (archive-listed) ran Apache-2.0 (permissive) · d4f502dc0e8d10f0 · report
SupConLoss hazyresearch/tabi/tabi/models/biencoder.py community (archive-listed) ran Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 808229e9aa41a103 · report
TABiLoss hazyresearch/tabi/tabi/models/biencoder.py community (archive-listed) ran · metamorphic tier: deterministic Apache-2.0 (permissive) · fe93e92642b8e3da · report
first_nonzero hazyresearch/tabi/tabi/models/biencoder.py community (archive-listed) ran · our draft was wrong Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 8add33ab60f64d81 · report
get_type_label_mask hazyresearch/tabi/tabi/models/biencoder.py community (archive-listed) ran · fixture could not drive it Apache-2.0 (permissive) · e8c58dab859a4046 · report
Biencoder hazyresearch/tabi/tabi/models/biencoder.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 8703f0123e49be68 · report
Encoder hazyresearch/tabi/tabi/models/biencoder.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · e5ef02894e3ada8e · report
gather_embs hazyresearch/tabi/tabi/models/biencoder.py community (archive-listed) unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · a05d380c6227a2e0 · report

Tasks

Entity DisambiguationEntity LinkingEntity RetrievalRetrieval

Datasets

Introduced by this paper, per the archive.

Mewsli-9

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Entity Disambiguation Mewsli-9 Model F+ Micro Precision 89.0 #1 of 2 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Report a problem or propose a change · a person checks every report against the paper or source before anything changes; decisions are listed on /corrections