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Efficient fine-tuning methodology of text embedding models for information retrieval: contrastive learning penalty (clp)

23 Dec 2024arXiv:2412.17364archive 2025-07-28

Jeongsu Yu

Text embedding models play a crucial role in natural language processing, particularly in information retrieval, and their importance is further highlighted with the recent utilization of RAG (Retrieval- Augmented Generation). This study presents an efficient fine-tuning methodology encompassing data selection, loss function, and model architecture to enhance the information retrieval performance of pre-trained text embedding models. In particular, this study proposes a novel Contrastive Learning Penalty function that overcomes the limitations of existing Contrastive Learning. The proposed methodology achieves significant performance improvements over existing methods in document retrieval tasks. This study is expected to contribute to improving the performance of information retrieval systems through fine-tuning of text embedding models. The code for this study can be found at https://github.com/CreaLabs/Enhanced-BGE-M3-with-CLP-and-MoE, and the best-performing model can be found at https://huggingface.co/CreaLabs.

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crealabs/enhanced-bge-m3-with-clp-and-moe officialmentioned in papermentioned on GitHubpytorch report

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Tasks

Contrastive LearningInformation RetrievalRAGRetrievalRetrieval-augmented Generation

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Methods

AdamAttentionAttention DropoutBARTBERTBPEContrastive LearningDense ConnectionsDropoutLayer NormalizationLinear LayerLinear Warmup With Linear DecayMulti-Head AttentionRAGResidual ConnectionSoftmaxWeight DecayWordPiece

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