Papers › DUBLIN -- Document Understanding By Language-Image Network
DUBLIN -- Document Understanding By Language-Image Network
Kriti Aggarwal, Aditi Khandelwal, Kumar Tanmay, Owais Mohammed Khan, Qiang Liu, Monojit Choudhury, Hardik Hansrajbhai Chauhan, Subhojit Som, Vishrav Chaudhary, Saurabh Tiwary
Visual document understanding is a complex task that involves analyzing both the text and the visual elements in document images. Existing models often rely on manual feature engineering or domain-specific pipelines, which limit their generalization ability across different document types and languages. In this paper, we propose DUBLIN, which is pretrained on web pages using three novel objectives: Masked Document Text Generation Task, Bounding Box Task, and Rendered Question Answering Task, that leverage both the spatial and semantic information in the document images. Our model achieves competitive or state-of-the-art results on several benchmarks, such as Web-Based Structural Reading Comprehension, Document Visual Question Answering, Key Information Extraction, Diagram Understanding, and Table Question Answering. In particular, we show that DUBLIN is the first pixel-based model to achieve an EM of 77.75 and F1 of 84.25 on the WebSRC dataset. We also show that our model outperforms the current pixel-based SOTA models on DocVQA, InfographicsVQA, OCR-VQA and AI2D datasets by 4.6%, 6.5%, 2.6% and 21%, respectively. We also achieve competitive performance on RVL-CDIP document classification. Moreover, we create new baselines for text-based datasets by rendering them as document images to promote research in this direction.
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Tasks
Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28
| Task | Dataset | Model | Metric | Value | Rank at snapshot | Leaderboard | Report |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | AI2D | DUBLIN | EM | 51.11 | #4 of 4 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | DeepForm | DUBLIN | F1 | 62.23 | #1 of 1 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | DocVQA test | DUBLIN (variable resolution) | ANLS | 0.803 | #22 of 33 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | DocVQA test | DUBLIN | ANLS | 0.782 | #24 of 33 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | InfographicVQA | DUBLIN (variable resolution) | ANLS | 42.6 | #17 of 21 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | InfographicVQA | DUBLIN | ANLS | 36.82 | #21 of 21 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | WebSRC | DUBLIN | EM | 77.75 | #1 of 1 | Archive leaderboard | report |
Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.
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