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Disfl-QA: A Benchmark Dataset for Understanding Disfluencies in Question Answering

8 Jun 2021Findings (ACL) 2021 8arXiv:2106.04016archive 2025-07-28

Aditya Gupta, Jiacheng Xu, Shyam Upadhyay, Diyi Yang, Manaal Faruqui

Disfluencies is an under-studied topic in NLP, even though it is ubiquitous in human conversation. This is largely due to the lack of datasets containing disfluencies. In this paper, we present a new challenge question answering dataset, Disfl-QA, a derivative of SQuAD, where humans introduce contextual disfluencies in previously fluent questions. Disfl-QA contains a variety of challenging disfluencies that require a more comprehensive understanding of the text than what was necessary in prior datasets. Experiments show that the performance of existing state-of-the-art question answering models degrades significantly when tested on Disfl-QA in a zero-shot setting.We show data augmentation methods partially recover the loss in performance and also demonstrate the efficacy of using gold data for fine-tuning. We argue that we need large-scale disfluency datasets in order for NLP models to be robust to them. The dataset is publicly available at: https://github.com/google-research-datasets/disfl-qa.

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Data AugmentationQuestion AnsweringText Classification

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