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Deep Fair Clustering via Maximizing and Minimizing Mutual Information: Theory, Algorithm and Metric

26 Sep 2022CVPR 2023 1arXiv:2209.12396archive 2025-07-28

Pengxin Zeng, Yunfan Li, Peng Hu, Dezhong Peng, Jiancheng Lv, Xi Peng

Fair clustering aims to divide data into distinct clusters while preventing sensitive attributes (\textit{e.g.}, gender, race, RNA sequencing technique) from dominating the clustering. Although a number of works have been conducted and achieved huge success recently, most of them are heuristical, and there lacks a unified theory for algorithm design. In this work, we fill this blank by developing a mutual information theory for deep fair clustering and accordingly designing a novel algorithm, dubbed FCMI. In brief, through maximizing and minimizing mutual information, FCMI is designed to achieve four characteristics highly expected by deep fair clustering, \textit{i.e.}, compact, balanced, and fair clusters, as well as informative features. Besides the contributions to theory and algorithm, another contribution of this work is proposing a novel fair clustering metric built upon information theory as well. Unlike existing evaluation metrics, our metric measures the clustering quality and fairness as a whole instead of separate manner. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed FCMI, we conduct experiments on six benchmarks including a single-cell RNA-seq atlas compared with 11 state-of-the-art methods in terms of five metrics. The code could be accessed from \url{ https://pengxi.me}.

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PengxinZeng/2023-CVPR-FCMI officialmentioned on GitHubpytorchApache-2.0 report

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calculate_entropy PengxinZeng/2023-CVPR-FCMI/evaluate.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 4f0406f99019587b · report
cluster_consistency_loss PengxinZeng/2023-CVPR-FCMI/loss.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 3da5dfc0de27efdb · report
d PengxinZeng/2023-CVPR-FCMI/Experiment/Temp.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · a7b7062b14a798bb · report
d2 PengxinZeng/2023-CVPR-FCMI/Experiment/Temp.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 905d4f779e622a02 · report
d3 PengxinZeng/2023-CVPR-FCMI/Experiment/Temp.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 13550ea815ce8880 · report
inference PengxinZeng/2023-CVPR-FCMI/evaluate.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 7cac64a7de4c6279 · report
instance_loss PengxinZeng/2023-CVPR-FCMI/loss.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · 758305a3082d2c3e · report
mask_correlated PengxinZeng/2023-CVPR-FCMI/loss.py official repository unverified Apache-2.0 (permissive) · bba3f2372c7023d5 · report

Tasks

ClusteringFairnessImage Clustering

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Image Clustering HAR FCMI Accuracy 0.882 #1 of 3 Archive leaderboard report
Image Clustering HAR FCMI NMI 0.807 #1 of 3 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

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