Papers › DAVE -- A Detect-and-Verify Paradigm for Low-Shot Counting

DAVE -- A Detect-and-Verify Paradigm for Low-Shot Counting

25 Apr 2024arXiv:2404.16622archive 2025-07-28

Jer Pelhan, Alan Lukežič, Vitjan Zavrtanik, Matej Kristan

Low-shot counters estimate the number of objects corresponding to a selected category, based on only few or no exemplars annotated in the image. The current state-of-the-art estimates the total counts as the sum over the object location density map, but does not provide individual object locations and sizes, which are crucial for many applications. This is addressed by detection-based counters, which, however fall behind in the total count accuracy. Furthermore, both approaches tend to overestimate the counts in the presence of other object classes due to many false positives. We propose DAVE, a low-shot counter based on a detect-and-verify paradigm, that avoids the aforementioned issues by first generating a high-recall detection set and then verifying the detections to identify and remove the outliers. This jointly increases the recall and precision, leading to accurate counts. DAVE outperforms the top density-based counters by ~20% in the total count MAE, it outperforms the most recent detection-based counter by ~20% in detection quality and sets a new state-of-the-art in zero-shot as well as text-prompt-based counting.

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Backbone jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran fingerprinted MIT (permissive) · 553da3ea9f5e1cd5 · report
BoxList jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran MIT (permissive) · ffcb1456b92b93e8 · report
ConvBlock jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran · metamorphic tier: invariant fingerprinted MIT (permissive) · cf9b257c7a9fd0fc · report
ConvBlock1 jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran fingerprinted MIT (permissive) · cc9b2570e9b960aa · report
DensityMapRegressor jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran fingerprinted MIT (permissive) · d97f51d06653a3c5 · report
FCOSHead jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran MIT (permissive) · 06bd7b48a3a041aa · report
FeatureFusionModule jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran MIT (permissive) · f48009fc79740f8c · report
Feature_Transform jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran MIT (permissive) · 129fe8076ac82fc4 · report
Scale jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran fingerprinted MIT (permissive) · 95013a850411e806 · report
TransformerDecoder jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran MIT (permissive) · 67df236913fa93d5 · report
TransformerDecoderLayer jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran MIT (permissive) · e50245b5494e328d · report
TransformerEncoder jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran · metamorphic tier: invariant MIT (permissive) · 8ea36d91ae3aa4d1 · report
TransformerEncoderLayer jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran MIT (permissive) · 07e1f3797315c793 · report
UpsamplingLayer jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran fingerprinted MIT (permissive) · 1d7a452dac45065b · report
boxlist_nms jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran · fixture could not drive it MIT (permissive) · 1e5f5eabbdd857ca · report
extend_bboxes jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository ran · our draft was wrong fingerprinted MIT (permissive) · 258799328b23dbb2 · report
COTR jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository unverified MIT (permissive) · 4c6592d75bff8335 · report
mask_density jerpelhan/dave/models/dave.py official repository unverified MIT (permissive) · 1af3422bfff1aac3 · report

Tasks

Exemplar-Free CountingFew-shot Object Counting and DetectionObjectObject CountingZero-Shot Counting

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Exemplar-Free Counting FSC147 DAVE MAE(test) 15.14 #5 of 9 Archive leaderboard report
Exemplar-Free Counting FSC147 DAVE MAE(val) 15.54 #5 of 9 Archive leaderboard report
Exemplar-Free Counting FSC147 DAVE RMSE(test) 103.49 #5 of 9 Archive leaderboard report
Exemplar-Free Counting FSC147 DAVE RMSE(val) 52.67 #5 of 9 Archive leaderboard report
Few-shot Object Counting and Detection FSC147 DAVE AP(test) 26.81 #2 of 4 Archive leaderboard report
Few-shot Object Counting and Detection FSC147 DAVE AP50(test) 62.82 #2 of 4 Archive leaderboard report
Few-shot Object Counting and Detection FSC147 DAVE MAE(test) 10.45 #2 of 4 Archive leaderboard report
Few-shot Object Counting and Detection FSC147 DAVE RMSE(test) 74.51 #2 of 4 Archive leaderboard report
Object Counting FSC147 DAVE MAE(test) 8.66 #3 of 19 Archive leaderboard report
Object Counting FSC147 DAVE MAE(val) 8.91 #3 of 19 Archive leaderboard report
Object Counting FSC147 DAVE RMSE(test) 32.36 #3 of 19 Archive leaderboard report
Object Counting FSC147 DAVE RMSE(val) 28.08 #3 of 19 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Methods

MAESET

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