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Cosmology with the Galaxy Bispectrum Multipoles: Optimal Estimation and Application to BOSS Data

9 Feb 2023arXiv:2302.04414links table onlyarchive 2025-07-28

Mikhail M. Ivanov, Oliver H. E. Philcox, Giovanni Cabass, Takahiro Nishimichi, Marko Simonović, Matias Zaldarriaga

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We present a framework for self-consistent cosmological analyses of the full-shape anisotropic bispectrum, including the quadrupole (ℓ=2) and hexadecapole (ℓ=4) moments. This features a novel window-free algorithm for extracting the latter quantities from data, derived using a maximum-likelihood prescription. Furthermore, we introduce a theoretical model for the bispectrum multipoles (which does not introduce new free parameters), and test both aspects of the pipeline on several high-fidelity mocks, including the PT Challenge suite of gigantic cumulative volume. This establishes that the systematic error is significantly below the statistical threshold, both for the measurement and modeling. As a realistic example, we extract the large-scale bispectrum multipoles from BOSS DR12 and analyze them in combination with the power spectrum data. Assuming a minimal ΛCDM model, with a BBN prior on the baryon density and a \textit{Planck} prior on nₛ, we can extract the remaining cosmological parameters directly from the clustering data. The inclusion of the unwindowed higher-order (ℓ>0) large-scale bispectrum multipoles is found to moderately improve one-dimensional cosmological parameter posteriors (at the 5%-10% level), though these multipoles are detected only in three out of four BOSS data segments at ≈5σ. Combining information from the power spectrum and bispectrum multipoles, the real space power spectrum, and the post-reconstructed BAO data, we find H₀ = 68.2±0.8 km s⁻¹Mpc⁻¹, Ωₘ =0.33±0.01 and σ₈ = 0.736±0.033 (the tightest yet found in perturbative full-shape analyses). Our estimate of the growth parameter S₈=0.77±0.04 agrees with both weak lensing and CMB results.

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