Papers › Convolution-Free Medical Image Segmentation using Transformers

Convolution-Free Medical Image Segmentation using Transformers

26 Feb 2021arXiv:2102.13645archive 2025-07-28

Davood Karimi, Serge Vasylechko, Ali Gholipour

Like other applications in computer vision, medical image segmentation has been most successfully addressed using deep learning models that rely on the convolution operation as their main building block. Convolutions enjoy important properties such as sparse interactions, weight sharing, and translation equivariance. These properties give convolutional neural networks (CNNs) a strong and useful inductive bias for vision tasks. In this work we show that a different method, based entirely on self-attention between neighboring image patches and without any convolution operations, can achieve competitive or better results. Given a 3D image block, our network divides it into n³ 3D patches, where n=3 or 5 and computes a 1D embedding for each patch. The network predicts the segmentation map for the center patch of the block based on the self-attention between these patch embeddings. We show that the proposed model can achieve segmentation accuracies that are better than the state of the art CNNs on three datasets. We also propose methods for pre-training this model on large corpora of unlabeled images. Our experiments show that with pre-training the advantage of our proposed network over CNNs can be significant when labeled training data is small.

PaperPDFConference PDFCode

In Syntology Open this paper in Syntology's Atlas, the map of the papers in Syntology's graph and their citations.

Code

Repository list and official/mentioned flags are the archive's, frozen 2025-07-28. Reachability, where shown, is from one Syntology probe window (2026-09-16 to 2026-09-18); repositories not probed show nothing. GitHub stars are not tracked.

Code Syntology ran Syntology

Not run by Syntology. Nothing on this page verifies that the listed code works.

Tasks

Image SegmentationInductive BiasMedical Image SegmentationSegmentationSemantic SegmentationTranslation

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

No leaderboard rows for this paper in the archive.

Methods

Convolution

Report a problem or propose a change · a person checks every report against the paper or source before anything changes; decisions are listed on /corrections