Papers › Conditional Sampling of Variational Autoencoders via Iterated Approximate Ancestral Sampling

Conditional Sampling of Variational Autoencoders via Iterated Approximate Ancestral Sampling

17 Aug 2023arXiv:2308.09078archive 2025-07-28

Vaidotas Simkus, Michael U. Gutmann

Conditional sampling of variational autoencoders (VAEs) is needed in various applications, such as missing data imputation, but is computationally intractable. A principled choice for asymptotically exact conditional sampling is Metropolis-within-Gibbs (MWG). However, we observe that the tendency of VAEs to learn a structured latent space, a commonly desired property, can cause the MWG sampler to get "stuck" far from the target distribution. This paper mitigates the limitations of MWG: we systematically outline the pitfalls in the context of VAEs, propose two original methods that address these pitfalls, and demonstrate an improved performance of the proposed methods on a set of sampling tasks.

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