Papers › Concurrent Misclassification and Out-of-Distribution Detection for Semantic...
Concurrent Misclassification and Out-of-Distribution Detection for Semantic Segmentation via Energy-Based Normalizing Flow
Denis Gudovskiy, Tomoyuki Okuno, Yohei Nakata
Recent semantic segmentation models accurately classify test-time examples that are similar to a training dataset distribution. However, their discriminative closed-set approach is not robust in practical data setups with distributional shifts and out-of-distribution (OOD) classes. As a result, the predicted probabilities can be very imprecise when used as confidence scores at test time. To address this, we propose a generative model for concurrent in-distribution misclassification (IDM) and OOD detection that relies on a normalizing flow framework. The proposed flow-based detector with an energy-based inputs (FlowEneDet) can extend previously deployed segmentation models without their time-consuming retraining. Our FlowEneDet results in a low-complexity architecture with marginal increase in the memory footprint. FlowEneDet achieves promising results on Cityscapes, Cityscapes-C, FishyScapes and SegmentMeIfYouCan benchmarks in IDM/OOD detection when applied to pretrained DeepLabV3+ and SegFormer semantic segmentation models.
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Code
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Tasks
Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28
| Task | Dataset | Model | Metric | Value | Rank at snapshot | Leaderboard | Report |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anomaly Detection | Fishyscapes | FlowEneDet | AP | 67.8 | #6 of 8 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Anomaly Detection | Fishyscapes | FlowEneDet | FPR95 | 21.58 | #6 of 8 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Anomaly Detection | Fishyscapes L&F | FlowEneDet | AP | 50.15 | #5 of 18 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Anomaly Detection | Fishyscapes L&F | FlowEneDet | FPR95 | 5.20 | #5 of 18 | Archive leaderboard | report |
Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.
Methods
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