Papers › CeCNN: Copula-enhanced convolutional neural networks in joint prediction of refraction...
CeCNN: Copula-enhanced convolutional neural networks in joint prediction of refraction error and axial length based on ultra-widefield fundus images
Chong Zhong, Yang Li, Danjuan Yang, Meiyan Li, Xingyao Zhou, Bo Fu, Catherine C. Liu, A. H. Welsh
The ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus image is an attractive 3D biomarker in AI-aided myopia screening because it provides much richer myopia-related information. Though axial length (AL) has been acknowledged to be highly related to the two key targets of myopia screening, Spherical Equivalence (SE) measurement and high myopia diagnosis, its prediction based on the UWF fundus image is rarely considered. To save the high expense and time costs of measuring SE and AL, we propose the Copula-enhanced Convolutional Neural Network (CeCNN), a one-stop UWF-based ophthalmic AI framework to jointly predict SE, AL, and myopia status. The CeCNN formulates a multiresponse regression that relates multiple dependent discrete-continuous responses and the image covariate, where the nonlinearity of the association is modeled by a backbone CNN. To thoroughly describe the dependence structure among the responses, we model and incorporate the conditional dependence among responses in a CNN through a new copula-likelihood loss. We provide statistical interpretations of the conditional dependence among responses, and reveal that such dependence is beyond the dependence explained by the image covariate. We heuristically justify that the proposed loss can enhance the estimation efficiency of the CNN weights. We apply the CeCNN to the UWF dataset collected by us and demonstrate that the CeCNN sharply enhances the predictive capability of various backbone CNNs. Our study evidences the ophthalmology view that besides SE, AL is also an important measure to myopia.
In Syntology Open this paper in Syntology's Atlas, the map of the papers in Syntology's graph and their citations.
Code
Repository list and official/mentioned flags are the archive's, frozen 2025-07-28. Reachability, where shown, is from one Syntology probe window (2026-09-16 to 2026-09-18); repositories not probed show nothing. GitHub stars are not tracked.
Code Syntology ran Syntology
Not run by Syntology. Nothing on this page verifies that the listed code works.
Tasks
Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28
No leaderboard rows for this paper in the archive.
Methods
Report a problem or propose a change · a person checks every report against the paper or source before anything changes; decisions are listed on /corrections