Papers › Can Contextual Biasing Remain Effective with Whisper and GPT-2?

Can Contextual Biasing Remain Effective with Whisper and GPT-2?

2 Jun 2023arXiv:2306.01942archive 2025-07-28

Guangzhi Sun, Xianrui Zheng, Chao Zhang, Philip C. Woodland

End-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) and large language models, such as Whisper and GPT-2, have recently been scaled to use vast amounts of training data. Despite the large amount of training data, infrequent content words that occur in a particular task may still exhibit poor ASR performance, with contextual biasing a possible remedy. This paper investigates the effectiveness of neural contextual biasing for Whisper combined with GPT-2. Specifically, this paper proposes integrating an adapted tree-constrained pointer generator (TCPGen) component for Whisper and a dedicated training scheme to dynamically adjust the final output without modifying any Whisper model parameters. Experiments across three datasets show a considerable reduction in errors on biasing words with a biasing list of 1000 words. Contextual biasing was more effective when applied to domain-specific data and can boost the performance of Whisper and GPT-2 without losing their generality.

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briansidp/whisperbiasing officialmentioned in papermentioned on GitHubpytorchMIT report

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Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)Speech Recognitionspeech-recognition

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AdamAttentionAttention DropoutBPECosine AnnealingDense ConnectionsDiscriminative Fine-TuningDropoutGPT-2Layer NormalizationLinear LayerLinear Warmup With Cosine AnnealingMulti-Head AttentionResidual ConnectionSoftmaxWeight Decay

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