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Automatic Metadata Extraction Incorporating Visual Features from Scanned Electronic Theses and Dissertations

1 Jul 2021arXiv:2107.00516archive 2025-07-28

Muntabir Hasan Choudhury, Himarsha R. Jayanetti, Jian Wu, William A. Ingram, Edward A. Fox

Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) contain domain knowledge that can be used for many digital library tasks, such as analyzing citation networks and predicting research trends. Automatic metadata extraction is important to build scalable digital library search engines. Most existing methods are designed for born-digital documents, so they often fail to extract metadata from scanned documents such as for ETDs. Traditional sequence tagging methods mainly rely on text-based features. In this paper, we propose a conditional random field (CRF) model that combines text-based and visual features. To verify the robustness of our model, we extended an existing corpus and created a new ground truth corpus consisting of 500 ETD cover pages with human validated metadata. Our experiments show that CRF with visual features outperformed both a heuristic and a CRF model with only text-based features. The proposed model achieved 81.3%-96% F1 measure on seven metadata fields. The data and source code are publicly available on Google Drive (https://tinyurl.com/y8kxzwrp) and a GitHub repository (https://github.com/lamps-lab/ETDMiner/tree/master/etd_crf), respectively.

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Code

lamps-lab/ETDMiner mentioned in paper report

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Tasks

Key Information ExtractionOptical Character Recognition (OCR)

Datasets

Introduced by this paper, per the archive.

ETD500

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Key Information Extraction ETD500 CRF-visual F1 (%) 81.3% to 96% (depending on the metadata fields) #1 of 1 Archive leaderboard report

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Methods

CRF

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