Papers › An End-to-end Chinese Text Normalization Model based on Rule-guided Flat-Lattice Transformer

An End-to-end Chinese Text Normalization Model based on Rule-guided Flat-Lattice Transformer

31 Mar 2022arXiv:2203.16954archive 2025-07-28

Wenlin Dai, Changhe Song, Xiang Li, Zhiyong Wu, Huashan Pan, Xiulin Li, Helen Meng

Text normalization, defined as a procedure transforming non standard words to spoken-form words, is crucial to the intelligibility of synthesized speech in text-to-speech system. Rule-based methods without considering context can not eliminate ambiguation, whereas sequence-to-sequence neural network based methods suffer from the unexpected and uninterpretable errors problem. Recently proposed hybrid system treats rule-based model and neural model as two cascaded sub-modules, where limited interaction capability makes neural network model cannot fully utilize expert knowledge contained in the rules. Inspired by Flat-LAttice Transformer (FLAT), we propose an end-to-end Chinese text normalization model, which accepts Chinese characters as direct input and integrates expert knowledge contained in rules into the neural network, both contribute to the superior performance of proposed model for the text normalization task. We also release a first publicly accessible largescale dataset for Chinese text normalization. Our proposed model has achieved excellent results on this dataset.

PaperPDFCode

Code

thuhcsi/flattn officialmentioned in papermentioned on GitHubpytorch report

Repository list and official/mentioned flags are the archive's, frozen 2025-07-28. Reachability, where shown, is from one Syntology probe window (2026-09-16 to 2026-09-18); repositories not probed show nothing. GitHub stars are not tracked.

Code Syntology ran Syntology

Not run by Syntology. Nothing on this page verifies that the listed code works.

Tasks

Text NormalizationText to Speechtext-to-speech

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

No leaderboard rows for this paper in the archive.

Methods

Absolute Position EncodingsAdamAttentionBPEDense ConnectionsDropoutLabel SmoothingLayer NormalizationLinear LayerMulti-Head AttentionNONPosition-Wise Feed-Forward LayerResidual ConnectionSoftmaxTransformer

Report a problem or propose a change · a person checks every report against the paper or source before anything changes; decisions are listed on /corrections