Papers › AlphaX: eXploring Neural Architectures with Deep Neural Networks and Monte Carlo Tree Search
AlphaX: eXploring Neural Architectures with Deep Neural Networks and Monte Carlo Tree Search
Linnan Wang, Yiyang Zhao, Yuu Jinnai, Yuandong Tian, Rodrigo Fonseca
Neural Architecture Search (NAS) has shown great success in automating the design of neural networks, but the prohibitive amount of computations behind current NAS methods requires further investigations in improving the sample efficiency and the network evaluation cost to get better results in a shorter time. In this paper, we present a novel scalable Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) based NAS agent, named AlphaX, to tackle these two aspects. AlphaX improves the search efficiency by adaptively balancing the exploration and exploitation at the state level, and by a Meta-Deep Neural Network (DNN) to predict network accuracies for biasing the search toward a promising region. To amortize the network evaluation cost, AlphaX accelerates MCTS rollouts with a distributed design and reduces the number of epochs in evaluating a network by transfer learning guided with the tree structure in MCTS. In 12 GPU days and 1000 samples, AlphaX found an architecture that reaches 97.84% top-1 accuracy on CIFAR-10, and 75.5% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet, exceeding SOTA NAS methods in both the accuracy and sampling efficiency. Particularly, we also evaluate AlphaX on NASBench-101, a large scale NAS dataset; AlphaX is 3x and 2.8x more sample efficient than Random Search and Regularized Evolution in finding the global optimum. Finally, we show the searched architecture improves a variety of vision applications from Neural Style Transfer, to Image Captioning and Object Detection.
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Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28
| Task | Dataset | Model | Metric | Value | Rank at snapshot | Leaderboard | Report |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neural Architecture Search | CIFAR-10 | AlphaX-1 (cutout NASNet) | Search Time (GPU days) | 224 | #33 of 41 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Neural Architecture Search | CIFAR-10 | AlphaX-1 (cutout NASNet) | Top-1 Error Rate | 2.82% | #33 of 41 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Neural Architecture Search | CIFAR-10 Image Classification | AlphaX-1 (cutout NASNet) | Params | 3.59M | #19 of 19 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Neural Architecture Search | ImageNet | AlphaX-1 | Accuracy | 75.5 | #107 of 135 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Neural Architecture Search | ImageNet | AlphaX-1 | Params | 5.4M | #107 of 135 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Neural Architecture Search | ImageNet | AlphaX-1 | Top-1 Error Rate | 24.5 | #107 of 135 | Archive leaderboard | report |
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