Papers › A Statutory Article Retrieval Dataset in French

A Statutory Article Retrieval Dataset in French

26 Aug 2021ACL 2022 5arXiv:2108.11792archive 2025-07-28

Antoine Louis, Gerasimos Spanakis

Statutory article retrieval is the task of automatically retrieving law articles relevant to a legal question. While recent advances in natural language processing have sparked considerable interest in many legal tasks, statutory article retrieval remains primarily untouched due to the scarcity of large-scale and high-quality annotated datasets. To address this bottleneck, we introduce the Belgian Statutory Article Retrieval Dataset (BSARD), which consists of 1,100+ French native legal questions labeled by experienced jurists with relevant articles from a corpus of 22,600+ Belgian law articles. Using BSARD, we benchmark several state-of-the-art retrieval approaches, including lexical and dense architectures, both in zero-shot and supervised setups. We find that fine-tuned dense retrieval models significantly outperform other systems. Our best performing baseline achieves 74.8% R@100, which is promising for the feasibility of the task and indicates there is still room for improvement. By the specificity of the domain and addressed task, BSARD presents a unique challenge problem for future research on legal information retrieval. Our dataset and source code are publicly available.

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Code

maastrichtlawtech/bsard officialmentioned in papermentioned on GitHubpytorchMIT report

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Tasks

ArticlesInformation RetrievalRetrievalSpecificity

Datasets

Introduced by this paper, per the archive.

BSARD

Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28

TaskDatasetModelMetricValueRank at snapshotLeaderboardReport
Information Retrieval BSARD Two-tower Bi-Encoder (RoBERTa) Recall@100 74.78 #1 of 3 Archive leaderboard report
Information Retrieval BSARD Two-tower Bi-Encoder (RoBERTa) Recall@200 78.04 #1 of 3 Archive leaderboard report
Information Retrieval BSARD Two-tower Bi-Encoder (RoBERTa) Recall@500 83.39 #1 of 3 Archive leaderboard report
Information Retrieval BSARD Siamese Bi-Encoder (RoBERTa) Recall@100 71.63 #2 of 3 Archive leaderboard report
Information Retrieval BSARD Siamese Bi-Encoder (RoBERTa) Recall@200 78.38 #2 of 3 Archive leaderboard report
Information Retrieval BSARD Siamese Bi-Encoder (RoBERTa) Recall@500 83.77 #2 of 3 Archive leaderboard report
Information Retrieval BSARD BM25 Recall@100 51.33 #3 of 3 Archive leaderboard report
Information Retrieval BSARD BM25 Recall@200 56.78 #3 of 3 Archive leaderboard report
Information Retrieval BSARD BM25 Recall@500 64.71 #3 of 3 Archive leaderboard report

Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.

Methods

CBoW Word2VecRoBERTafastText

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