Papers › A Hybrid Architecture for Out of Domain Intent Detection and Intent Discovery
A Hybrid Architecture for Out of Domain Intent Detection and Intent Discovery
Masoud Akbari, Ali Mohades, M. Hassan Shirali-Shahreza
Intent Detection is one of the tasks of the Natural Language Understanding (NLU) unit in task-oriented dialogue systems. Out of Scope (OOS) and Out of Domain (OOD) inputs may run these systems into a problem. On the other side, a labeled dataset is needed to train a model for Intent Detection in task-oriented dialogue systems. The creation of a labeled dataset is time-consuming and needs human resources. The purpose of this article is to address mentioned problems. The task of identifying OOD/OOS inputs is named OOD/OOS Intent Detection. Also, discovering new intents and pseudo-labeling of OOD inputs is well known by Intent Discovery. In OOD intent detection part, we make use of a Variational Autoencoder to distinguish between known and unknown intents independent of input data distribution. After that, an unsupervised clustering method is used to discover different unknown intents underlying OOD/OOS inputs. We also apply a non-linear dimensionality reduction on OOD/OOS representations to make distances between representations more meaning full for clustering. Our results show that the proposed model for both OOD/OOS Intent Detection and Intent Discovery achieves great results and passes baselines in English and Persian languages.
Code
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Tasks
Results from the paper archive 2025-07-28
| Task | Dataset | Model | Metric | Value | Rank at snapshot | Leaderboard | Report |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intent Discovery | ATIS | k-PCA + HDBSCAN | ARI | 74.94 | #1 of 1 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Intent Discovery | Persian-ATIS | k-PCA + HDBSCAN | ARI | 11.97 | #1 of 1 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Intent Discovery | SNIPS | k-PCA + HDBSCAN | ARI | 59.23 | #1 of 1 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Out of Distribution (OOD) Detection | ATIS | BERT + VAE | F1 - macro | 86.79 | #1 of 1 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Out of Distribution (OOD) Detection | Persian-ATIS | BERT + VAE | F1 Macro | 79.03 | #1 of 1 | Archive leaderboard | report |
| Out of Distribution (OOD) Detection | SNIPS | BERT + VAE | F1 Macro | 92.32 | #1 of 1 | Archive leaderboard | report |
Ranks are positions in the archive's leaderboards as they stood at the 2025-07-28 snapshot. Results published since then are not among these rows, so a rank here is not a current standing.
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