Papers › A Comparative Study of Pre-trained Encoders for Low-Resource Named Entity Recognition

A Comparative Study of Pre-trained Encoders for Low-Resource Named Entity Recognition

11 Apr 2022RepL4NLP (ACL) 2022 5arXiv:2204.04980archive 2025-07-28

Yuxuan Chen, Jonas Mikkelsen, Arne Binder, Christoph Alt, Leonhard Hennig

Pre-trained language models (PLM) are effective components of few-shot named entity recognition (NER) approaches when augmented with continued pre-training on task-specific out-of-domain data or fine-tuning on in-domain data. However, their performance in low-resource scenarios, where such data is not available, remains an open question. We introduce an encoder evaluation framework, and use it to systematically compare the performance of state-of-the-art pre-trained representations on the task of low-resource NER. We analyze a wide range of encoders pre-trained with different strategies, model architectures, intermediate-task fine-tuning, and contrastive learning. Our experimental results across ten benchmark NER datasets in English and German show that encoder performance varies significantly, suggesting that the choice of encoder for a specific low-resource scenario needs to be carefully evaluated.

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Tasks

Contrastive LearningLow Resource Named Entity RecognitionNERNamed Entity RecognitionNamed Entity Recognition (NER)Open-Ended Question Answeringnamed-entity-recognition

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