Datasets › pd4ml

pd4ml (Physics Data for Machine Learning)

Introduced by Lisa Benato et al. in Shared Data and Algorithms for Deep Learning in Fundamental Physics1 Jul 2021 archive 2025-07-28

pd4ml is a collection of datasets from fundamental physics research -- including particle physics, astroparticle physics, and hadron- and nuclear physics -- for supervised machine learning studies. These datasets, containing hadronic top quarks, cosmic-ray induced air showers, phase transitions in hadronic matter, and generator-level histories, are made public to simplify future work on cross-disciplinary machine learning and transfer learning in fundamental physics.

It currently consists on 5 datasets:

  • Top Tagging Landscape (Classification)
    • Train/val/test: 1.2M/400k/400k
    • Structure: Four vectors
    • Dimension: 200 particles, 4 features/particle
  • Smart Backgrounds (Classification)
    • Train/val/test: 157k/39k/84k
    • Structure: Decay Graph
    • Dimension: 100 particles, 9 features/particle
  • Spinodal or Not (Classification)
    • Train/val/test: 16.3k/4k/8.7k
    • Structure: 2D Histogram
    • Dimension: 20x20 histogram of pion spectra
  • EoS (Classification)
    • Train/val/test: 121k/25k/54k
    • Structure: 2D Histogram
    • Dimension: 24x24 histogram of pion spectra
  • Air Showers (Regression)
    • Train/val/test: 56k/30k/14k
    • Structure: 81 1D Traces
    • Dimension: 81 stations, 80 signal bins + timing

Benchmarks archive 2025-07-28

No leaderboard in the archive resolves to this dataset.

Papers archive 2025-07-28

No paper in the archive has a leaderboard row on this dataset; the archive counts 1 paper for it but never published that list.

Dataset loaders archive 2025-07-28

No loader listed in the archive.

Tasks archive 2025-07-28

No task tagged in the archive.

License archive 2025-07-28

No licence recorded in the archive. Absence here is not a statement about the dataset's terms.

Modalities archive 2025-07-28

Languages archive 2025-07-28

No language tagged.

Variants archive 2025-07-28

  • pd4ml

1 variant name, as the archive lists them.

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