{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/zeroscrolls-a-zero-shot-benchmark-for-long","title":"ZeroSCROLLS: A Zero-Shot Benchmark for Long Text Understanding","arxiv_id":"2305.14196","date":"2023-05-23","proceeding":null,"authors":["Uri Shaham","Maor Ivgi","Avia Efrat","Jonathan Berant","Omer Levy"],"abstract":"We introduce ZeroSCROLLS, a zero-shot benchmark for natural language understanding over long texts, which contains only test and small validation sets, without training data. We adapt six tasks from the SCROLLS benchmark, and add four new datasets, including two novel information fusing tasks, such as aggregating the percentage of positive reviews. Using ZeroSCROLLS, we conduct a comprehensive evaluation of both open-source and closed large language models, finding that Claude outperforms ChatGPT, and that GPT-4 achieves the highest average score. However, there is still room for improvement on multiple open challenges in ZeroSCROLLS, such as aggregation tasks, where models struggle to pass the naive baseline. As the state of the art is a moving target, we invite researchers to evaluate their ideas on the live ZeroSCROLLS leaderboard.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.14196v3","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2305.14196v3.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"zeroscrolls-a-zero-shot-benchmark-for-long","repo_url":"https://github.com/tau-nlp/zero_scrolls","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"pytorch","reach":null}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"natural-language-understanding","task_name":"Natural Language Understanding"}],"methods":[{"method_slug":"absolute-position-encodings","method_name":"Absolute Position Encodings"},{"method_slug":"adam","method_name":"Adam"},{"method_slug":"attention","method_name":"Attention"},{"method_slug":"bpe","method_name":"BPE"},{"method_slug":"dense-connections","method_name":"Dense Connections"},{"method_slug":"dropout","method_name":"Dropout"},{"method_slug":"gpt-4","method_name":"GPT-4"},{"method_slug":"label-smoothing","method_name":"Label Smoothing"},{"method_slug":"layer-normalization","method_name":"Layer Normalization"},{"method_slug":"linear-layer","method_name":"Linear Layer"},{"method_slug":"multi-head-attention","method_name":"Multi-Head Attention"},{"method_slug":"position-wise-feed-forward-layer","method_name":"Position-Wise Feed-Forward Layer"},{"method_slug":"residual-connection","method_name":"Residual Connection"},{"method_slug":"softmax","method_name":"Softmax"},{"method_slug":"test","method_name":"Test"},{"method_slug":"transformer","method_name":"Transformer"}],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":"https://syntology.ai/paper/2305.14196","atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=2305.14196","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2305.14196"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-25T09:33:49+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. Samples come from repositories linked to the paper, official or community; repo_kind says which.","repos":[{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/tau-nlp/zero_scrolls","reach":null}],"summary":{"ran_honours":1,"ran_draft_wrong":1,"unverified":1},"by_repo_kind":{"official":{"samples":3,"ran":2,"repositories":1}},"repo_kind_vocabulary":{"official":"The archive marks this repository official for the paper","named_in_paper":"The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official","listed":"In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper","found_in_text":"Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted","community":"Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested"},"n_pointer_only_for_licence":0,"samples":[{"code_sha256_prefix":"c27b95dac78c66d3","entry":"process_model_input","repo":"tau-nlp/zero_scrolls","repo_kind":"official","path":"experiments/hf/run_hf_model.py","file_url":"https://github.com/tau-nlp/zero_scrolls/blob/HEAD/experiments/hf/run_hf_model.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"ran_honours","verification_level":1,"contract_check":"HONOURS","metamorphic_tier":"well_formed","behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"c27b95dac78c66d3"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"52aaf6f9e86c2add","entry":"safe_read_csv","repo":"tau-nlp/zero_scrolls","repo_kind":"official","path":"submission/prepare_submission.py","file_url":"https://github.com/tau-nlp/zero_scrolls/blob/HEAD/submission/prepare_submission.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"ran_draft_wrong","verification_level":1,"contract_check":"OUTPUT_MISDECLARED","metamorphic_tier":"deterministic","behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"52aaf6f9e86c2add"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"6d5d91903aa7d94f","entry":"trim_doc_keeping_suffix","repo":"tau-nlp/zero_scrolls","repo_kind":"official","path":"experiments/hf/run_hf_model.py","file_url":"https://github.com/tau-nlp/zero_scrolls/blob/HEAD/experiments/hf/run_hf_model.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"6d5d91903aa7d94f"}}]},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}