{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/vice-visual-counterfactual-explanations-for","title":"ViCE: Visual Counterfactual Explanations for Machine Learning Models","arxiv_id":"2003.02428","date":"2020-03-05","proceeding":null,"authors":["Oscar Gomez","Steffen Holter","Jun Yuan","Enrico Bertini"],"abstract":"The continued improvements in the predictive accuracy of machine learning models have allowed for their widespread practical application. Yet, many decisions made with seemingly accurate models still require verification by domain experts. In addition, end-users of a model also want to understand the reasons behind specific decisions. Thus, the need for interpretability is increasingly paramount. In this paper we present an interactive visual analytics tool, ViCE, that generates counterfactual explanations to contextualize and evaluate model decisions. Each sample is assessed to identify the minimal set of changes needed to flip the model's output. These explanations aim to provide end-users with personalized actionable insights with which to understand, and possibly contest or improve, automated decisions. The results are effectively displayed in a visual interface where counterfactual explanations are highlighted and interactive methods are provided for users to explore the data and model. The functionality of the tool is demonstrated by its application to a home equity line of credit dataset.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.02428v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.02428v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"vice-visual-counterfactual-explanations-for","repo_url":"https://github.com/5teffen/ViCE","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"tf","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"machine-learning","task_name":"BIG-bench Machine Learning"},{"task_slug":null,"task_name":"counterfactual"}],"methods":[{"method_slug":"interpretability","method_name":"Interpretability"}],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=2003.02428","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2003.02428"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. Samples come from repositories linked to the paper, official or community; repo_kind says which.","repos":[{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/5teffen/ViCE","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}}],"summary":{"unverified":3},"by_repo_kind":{"official":{"samples":3,"ran":0,"repositories":1}},"repo_kind_vocabulary":{"official":"The archive marks this repository official for the paper","named_in_paper":"The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official","listed":"In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper","found_in_text":"Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted","community":"Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested"},"n_pointer_only_for_licence":0,"samples":[{"code_sha256_prefix":"9453fb93a11cabfe","entry":"find_feature_range","repo":"5teffen/ViCE","repo_kind":"official","path":"ViCE_pkg/utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/5teffen/ViCE/blob/HEAD/ViCE_pkg/utils.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"9453fb93a11cabfe"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"40554633e7e6a157","entry":"mono_finder","repo":"5teffen/ViCE","repo_kind":"official","path":"ViCE_pkg/utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/5teffen/ViCE/blob/HEAD/ViCE_pkg/utils.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"40554633e7e6a157"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"77d3ca4c1a0d5dba","entry":"separate_bins_feature","repo":"5teffen/ViCE","repo_kind":"official","path":"ViCE_pkg/utils.py","file_url":"https://github.com/5teffen/ViCE/blob/HEAD/ViCE_pkg/utils.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"77d3ca4c1a0d5dba"}}]},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}