{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/toxicity-of-the-commons-curating-open-source","title":"Toxicity of the Commons: Curating Open-Source Pre-Training Data","arxiv_id":"2410.22587","date":"2024-10-29","proceeding":null,"authors":["Catherine Arnett","Eliot Jones","Ivan P. Yamshchikov","Pierre-Carl Langlais"],"abstract":"Open-source large language models are becoming increasingly available and popular among researchers and practitioners. While significant progress has been made on open-weight models, open training data is a practice yet to be adopted by the leading open-weight models creators. At the same time, there researchers are working to make language models safer. We propose a data curation pipeline to reduce harmful outputs by models trained on public domain data. There are unique challenges to working with public domain data, as these sources differ from web text in both form and content. Many sources are historical documents and are the result of Optical Character Recognition (OCR). Consequently, current state-of-the-art approaches to toxicity filtering are often infeasible or inappropriate for open data models. In this paper, we introduce a new fully open-source pipeline for open-data toxicity filtering. Our contributions are threefold. We create a custom training dataset, ToxicCommons, which is composed of texts which have been classified across five different dimensions (racial/origin-based, gender/sex-based, religious, ability-based discrimination, and violence). We use this dataset to train a custom classifier, Celadon, that can be used to detect toxic content in open data more efficiently at a larger scale. Finally, we describe the balanced approach to content filtration that optimizes safety filtering with respect to the filtered data available for training.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.22587v2","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.22587v2.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"toxicity-of-the-commons-curating-open-source","repo_url":"https://github.com/Pleias/toxic-commons","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"pytorch","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"optical-character-recognition","task_name":"Optical Character Recognition"},{"task_slug":"optical-character-recognition","task_name":"Optical Character Recognition (OCR)"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":"https://syntology.ai/paper/2410.22587","atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=2410.22587","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2410.22587"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-25T09:33:49+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. Samples come from repositories linked to the paper, official or community; repo_kind says which.","repos":[{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/Pleias/toxic-commons","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}}],"summary":{"unverified":6},"by_repo_kind":{"official":{"samples":6,"ran":0,"repositories":1}},"repo_kind_vocabulary":{"official":"The archive marks this repository official for the paper","named_in_paper":"The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official","listed":"In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper","found_in_text":"Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted","community":"Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested"},"n_pointer_only_for_licence":0,"samples":[{"code_sha256_prefix":"5387737a857872b4","entry":"balance_dataset_by_sum","repo":"Pleias/toxic-commons","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/4.2_resample.py","file_url":"https://github.com/Pleias/toxic-commons/blob/HEAD/src/4.2_resample.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"5387737a857872b4"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"2e3482e90480b6d7","entry":"count_sum_based","repo":"Pleias/toxic-commons","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/4.2_resample.py","file_url":"https://github.com/Pleias/toxic-commons/blob/HEAD/src/4.2_resample.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"2e3482e90480b6d7"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"68a1776789f90465","entry":"get_response","repo":"Pleias/toxic-commons","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/2.1_create_annotations.py","file_url":"https://github.com/Pleias/toxic-commons/blob/HEAD/src/2.1_create_annotations.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"68a1776789f90465"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"e33db98fe5baada8","entry":"parse_scores","repo":"Pleias/toxic-commons","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/2.1_create_annotations.py","file_url":"https://github.com/Pleias/toxic-commons/blob/HEAD/src/2.1_create_annotations.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"e33db98fe5baada8"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"65351553ca1db78e","entry":"sample_data","repo":"Pleias/toxic-commons","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/4.1_prepare_data.py","file_url":"https://github.com/Pleias/toxic-commons/blob/HEAD/src/4.1_prepare_data.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"65351553ca1db78e"}},{"code_sha256_prefix":"5c4545885712cc7f","entry":"weighted_accuracy","repo":"Pleias/toxic-commons","repo_kind":"official","path":"src/5_train.py","file_url":"https://github.com/Pleias/toxic-commons/blob/HEAD/src/5_train.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"5c4545885712cc7f"}}]},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}