{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/the-vandels-survey-the-star-formation","title":"The VANDELS survey: the star-formation histories of massive quiescent galaxies at 1.0 < z < 1.3","arxiv_id":"1903.11082","date":"2019-03-26","proceeding":null,"authors":["A. C. Carnall","R. J. McLure","J. S. Dunlop","F. Cullen","D. J. McLeod","V. Wild","B. D. Johnson","S. Appleby","R. Davé","R. Amorin","M. Bolzonella","M. Castellano","A. Cimatti","O. Cucciati","A. Gargiulo","B. Garilli","F. Marchi","L. Pentericci","L. Pozzetti","C. Schreiber","M. Talia","G. Zamorani"],"abstract":"We present a Bayesian full-spectral-fitting analysis of 75 massive ($M_* > 10^{10.3} M_\\odot$) UVJ-selected galaxies at redshifts of $1.0 < z < 1.3$, combining extremely deep rest-frame ultraviolet spectroscopy from VANDELS with multi-wavelength photometry. By the use of a sophisticated physical plus systematic uncertainties model, constructed within the Bagpipes code, we place strong constraints on the star-formation histories (SFHs) of individual objects. We firstly constrain the stellar mass vs stellar age relationship, finding a steep trend towards earlier average formation with increasing stellar mass of $1.48^{+0.34}_{-0.39}$ Gyr per decade in mass, although this shows signs of flattening at $M_* > 10^{11} M_\\odot$. We show that this is consistent with other spectroscopic studies from $0 < z < 2$. This relationship places strong constraints on the AGN-feedback models used in cosmological simulations. We demonstrate that, although the relationships predicted by Simba and IllustrisTNG agree well with observations at $z=0.1$, they are too shallow at $z=1$, predicting an evolution of $<0.5$ Gyr per decade in mass. Secondly, we consider the connections between green-valley, post-starburst and quiescent galaxies, using our inferred SFH shapes and the distributions of galaxy physical properties on the UVJ diagram. The majority of our lowest-mass galaxies ($M_* \\sim 10^{10.5} M_\\odot$) are consistent with formation in recent ($z<2$), intense starburst events, with timescales of $\\lesssim500$ Myr. A second class of objects experience extended star-formation epochs before rapidly quenching, passing through both green-valley and post-starburst phases. The most massive galaxies in our sample are extreme systems: already old by $z=1$, they formed at $z\\sim5$ and quenched by $z=3$. However, we find evidence for their continued evolution through both AGN and rejuvenated star-formation activity.","url_abs":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1903.11082v2","url_pdf":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1903.11082v2.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"the-vandels-survey-the-star-formation","repo_url":"https://github.com/ACCarnall/bagpipes","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"unanswered"}},{"paper_slug":"the-vandels-survey-the-star-formation","repo_url":"https://github.com/jed-mckinney/bagpipes-sne-dust","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"unanswered"}}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}