{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/the-sz-flux-mass-y-m-relation-at-low-halo","title":"The SZ flux-mass ($Y$-$M$) relation at low halo masses: improvements with symbolic regression and strong constraints on baryonic feedback","arxiv_id":"2209.02075","date":"2022-09-05","proceeding":null,"authors":["Digvijay Wadekar","Leander Thiele","J. Colin Hill","Shivam Pandey","Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro","David N. Spergel","Miles Cranmer","Daisuke Nagai","Daniel Anglés-Alcázar","Shirley Ho","Lars Hernquist"],"abstract":"Feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) and supernovae can affect measurements of integrated SZ flux of halos ($Y_\\mathrm{SZ}$) from CMB surveys, and cause its relation with the halo mass ($Y_\\mathrm{SZ}-M$) to deviate from the self-similar power-law prediction of the virial theorem. We perform a comprehensive study of such deviations using CAMELS, a suite of hydrodynamic simulations with extensive variations in feedback prescriptions. We use a combination of two machine learning tools (random forest and symbolic regression) to search for analogues of the $Y-M$ relation which are more robust to feedback processes for low masses ($M\\lesssim 10^{14}\\, h^{-1} \\, M_\\odot$); we find that simply replacing $Y\\rightarrow Y(1+M_*/M_\\mathrm{gas})$ in the relation makes it remarkably self-similar. This could serve as a robust multiwavelength mass proxy for low-mass clusters and galaxy groups. Our methodology can also be generally useful to improve the domain of validity of other astrophysical scaling relations. We also forecast that measurements of the $Y-M$ relation could provide percent-level constraints on certain combinations of feedback parameters and/or rule out a major part of the parameter space of supernova and AGN feedback models used in current state-of-the-art hydrodynamic simulations. Our results can be useful for using upcoming SZ surveys (e.g., SO, CMB-S4) and galaxy surveys (e.g., DESI and Rubin) to constrain the nature of baryonic feedback. Finally, we find that the an alternative relation, $Y-M_*$, provides complementary information on feedback than $Y-M$","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.02075v2","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2209.02075v2.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"the-sz-flux-mass-y-m-relation-at-low-halo","repo_url":"https://github.com/jaywadekar/scalingrelations_ml","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":null,"task_name":"Relation"},{"task_slug":"symbolic-regression","task_name":"Symbolic Regression"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}