{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/the-gleam-4-jy-g4jy-sample-i-definition-and","title":"The GLEAM 4-Jy (G4Jy) Sample: I. Definition and the catalogue","arxiv_id":"2004.13125","date":"2020-04-27","proceeding":null,"authors":["Sarah V. White","Thomas M. O. Franzen","Chris J. Riseley","O. Ivy Wong","Anna D. Kapińska","Natasha Hurley-Walker","Joseph R. Callingham","Kshitij Thorat","Chen Wu","Paul Hancock","Richard W. Hunstead","Nick Seymour","Jesse Swan","Randall Wayth","John Morgan","Rajan Chhetri","Carole Jackson","Stuart Weston","Martin Bell","Bi-Qing For","B. M. Gaensler","Melanie Johnston-Hollitt","André Offringa","Lister Staveley-Smith"],"abstract":"The Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) has observed the entire southern sky (Declination, $\\delta <$ 30 deg) at low radio-frequencies, over the range 72-231 MHz. These observations constitute the GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky MWA (GLEAM) Survey, and we use the extragalactic catalogue (Galactic latitude, $|b| >$ 10 deg) to define the GLEAM 4-Jy (G4Jy) Sample. This is a complete sample of the 'brightest' radio-sources ($S_{\\mathrm{151MHz}} >$ 4 Jy), the majority of which are active galactic nuclei with powerful radio-jets. Crucially, low-frequency observations allow the selection of such sources in an orientation-independent way (i.e. minimising the bias caused by Doppler boosting, inherent in high-frequency surveys). We then use higher-resolution radio images, and information at other wavelengths, to morphologically classify the brightest components in GLEAM. We also conduct cross-checks against the literature, and perform internal matching, in order to improve sample completeness (which is estimated to be $>$ 95.5%). This results in a catalogue of 1,863 sources, making the G4Jy Sample over 10 times larger than that of the revised Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources (3CRR; $S_{\\mathrm{178MHz}} >$ 10.9 Jy). Of these G4Jy sources, 78 are resolved by the MWA (Phase-I) synthesised beam ($\\sim$2 arcmin at 200 MHz), and we label 67% of the sample as 'single', 26% as 'double', 4% as 'triple', and 3% as having 'complex' morphology at $\\sim$1 GHz (45-arcsec resolution). Alongside this, our value-added catalogue provides mid-infrared source associations (subject to 6-arcsec resolution at 3.4 micron) for the radio emission, as identified through visual inspection and thorough checks against the literature. As such, the G4Jy Sample can be used as a reliable training set for cross-identification via machine-learning algorithms. [Abstract abridged for arXiv submission.]","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.13125v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2004.13125v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"the-gleam-4-jy-g4jy-sample-i-definition-and","repo_url":"https://github.com/svw26/G4Jy","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}