{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/the-atacama-cosmology-telescope-modeling-bulk","title":"The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Modeling Bulk Atmospheric Motion","arxiv_id":"2111.01319","date":"2021-11-02","proceeding":null,"authors":["Thomas W. Morris","Ricardo Bustos","Erminia Calabrese","Steve K. Choi","Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden","Jo Dunkley","Rolando Dünner","Patricio A. Gallardo","Matthew Hasselfield","Adam D. Hincks","Tony Mroczkowski","Sigurd Naess","Michael D. Niemack","Lyman A. Page","Bruce Partridge","Maria Salatino","Suzanne T. Staggs","Jesse Treu","Edward J. Wollack","Zhilei Xu"],"abstract":"Fluctuating atmospheric emission is a dominant source of noise for ground-based millimeter-wave observations of the CMB temperature anisotropy at angular scales $\\gtrsim 0.5^{\\circ}$. We present a model of the atmosphere as a discrete set of emissive turbulent layers that move with respect to the observer with a horizontal wind velocity. After introducing a statistic derived from the time-lag dependent correlation function for detector pairs in an array, referred to as the pair-lag, we use this model to estimate the aggregate angular motion of the atmosphere derived from time-ordered data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). We find that estimates derived from ACT's CMB observations alone agree with those derived from satellite weather data that additionally include a height-dependent horizontal wind velocity and water vapor density. We also explore the dependence of the measured atmospheric noise spectrum on the relative angle between the wind velocity and the telescope scan direction. In particular, we find that varying the scan velocity changes the noise spectrum in a predictable way. Computing the pair-lag statistic opens up new avenues for understanding how atmospheric fluctuations impact measurements of the CMB anisotropy.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.01319v1","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.01319v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"links_only","authors_date_abstract":"arXiv metadata, CC0 1.0 (https://info.arxiv.org/help/license), from the Kaggle arXiv metadata snapshot of 2026-09-12"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"the-atacama-cosmology-telescope-modeling-bulk","repo_url":"https://github.com/thomaswmorris/maria","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}