{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/tensorflow-large-scale-machine-learning-on","title":"TensorFlow: Large-Scale Machine Learning on Heterogeneous Distributed Systems","arxiv_id":"1603.04467","date":"2016-03-14","proceeding":null,"authors":["Martín Abadi","Ashish Agarwal","Paul Barham","Eugene Brevdo","Zhifeng Chen","Craig Citro","Greg S. Corrado","Andy Davis","Jeffrey Dean","Matthieu Devin","Sanjay Ghemawat","Ian Goodfellow","Andrew Harp","Geoffrey Irving","Michael Isard","Yangqing Jia","Rafal Jozefowicz","Lukasz Kaiser","Manjunath Kudlur","Josh Levenberg","Dan Mane","Rajat Monga","Sherry Moore","Derek Murray","Chris Olah","Mike Schuster","Jonathon Shlens","Benoit Steiner","Ilya Sutskever","Kunal Talwar","Paul Tucker","Vincent Vanhoucke","Vijay Vasudevan","Fernanda Viegas","Oriol Vinyals","Pete Warden","Martin Wattenberg","Martin Wicke","Yuan Yu","Xiaoqiang Zheng"],"abstract":"TensorFlow is an interface for expressing machine learning algorithms, and an\nimplementation for executing such algorithms. A computation expressed using\nTensorFlow can be executed with little or no change on a wide variety of\nheterogeneous systems, ranging from mobile devices such as phones and tablets\nup to large-scale distributed systems of hundreds of machines and thousands of\ncomputational devices such as GPU cards. The system is flexible and can be used\nto express a wide variety of algorithms, including training and inference\nalgorithms for deep neural network models, and it has been used for conducting\nresearch and for deploying machine learning systems into production across more\nthan a dozen areas of computer science and other fields, including speech\nrecognition, computer vision, robotics, information retrieval, natural language\nprocessing, geographic information extraction, and computational drug\ndiscovery. This paper describes the TensorFlow interface and an implementation\nof that interface that we have built at Google. The TensorFlow API and a\nreference implementation were released as an open-source package under the\nApache 2.0 license in November, 2015 and are available at www.tensorflow.org.","url_abs":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1603.04467v2","url_pdf":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1603.04467v2.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"tensorflow-large-scale-machine-learning-on","repo_url":"https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"tf","reach":null},{"paper_slug":"tensorflow-large-scale-machine-learning-on","repo_url":"https://github.com/Robinlovelace/integrating-gat","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"tf","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"GPL-3.0"}},{"paper_slug":"tensorflow-large-scale-machine-learning-on","repo_url":"https://github.com/Robinlovelace/open-gat","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"tf","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"GPL-3.0"}},{"paper_slug":"tensorflow-large-scale-machine-learning-on","repo_url":"https://github.com/tensorflow/models/tree/master/research/deeplab","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"tf","reach":null}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"machine-learning","task_name":"BIG-bench Machine Learning"},{"task_slug":"clustering","task_name":"Clustering"},{"task_slug":"dimensionality-reduction","task_name":"Dimensionality Reduction"},{"task_slug":null,"task_name":"GPU"},{"task_slug":"classification","task_name":"General Classification"},{"task_slug":"retrieval","task_name":"Retrieval"},{"task_slug":"speech-recognition-1","task_name":"speech-recognition"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=1603.04467","mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}