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Prior approaches to solving the problem include neural-guided search (e.g. using reinforcement learning) and genetic programming. In this work, we introduce a hybrid neural-guided/genetic programming approach to symbolic regression and other combinatorial optimization problems. We propose a neural-guided component used to seed the starting population of a random restart genetic programming component, gradually learning better starting populations. On a number of common benchmark tasks to recover underlying expressions from a dataset, our method recovers 65% more expressions than a recently published top-performing model using the same experimental setup. We demonstrate that running many genetic programming generations without interdependence on the neural-guided component performs better for symbolic regression than alternative formulations where the two are more strongly coupled. Finally, we introduce a new set of 22 symbolic regression benchmark problems with increased difficulty over existing benchmarks. Source code is provided at www.github.com/brendenpetersen/deep-symbolic-optimization.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.00053v2","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.00053v2.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"symbolic-regression-via-neural-guided-genetic","repo_url":"https://github.com/brendenpetersen/deep-symbolic-optimization","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"BSD-3-Clause"}},{"paper_slug":"symbolic-regression-via-neural-guided-genetic","repo_url":"https://github.com/brendenpetersen/deep-symbolic-regression","is_official":0,"mentioned_in_paper":0,"mentioned_in_github":1,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"BSD-3-Clause"}}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"combinatorial-optimization","task_name":"Combinatorial Optimization"},{"task_slug":"symbolic-regression","task_name":"Symbolic Regression"},{"task_slug":"regression-1","task_name":"regression"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":"https://syntology.ai/paper/2111.00053","atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=2111.00053","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2111.00053"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-25T09:33:49+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. 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