{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/standardized-assessment-of-automatic","title":"Standardized Assessment of Automatic Segmentation of White Matter Hyperintensities and Results of the WMH Segmentation Challenge","arxiv_id":"1904.00682","date":"2019-04-01","proceeding":null,"authors":["Hugo J. Kuijf","J. Matthijs Biesbroek","Jeroen de Bresser","Rutger Heinen","Simon Andermatt","Mariana Bento","Matt Berseth","Mikhail Belyaev","M. Jorge Cardoso","Adrià Casamitjana","D. Louis Collins","Mahsa Dadar","Achilleas Georgiou","Mohsen Ghafoorian","Dakai Jin","April Khademi","Jesse Knight","Hongwei Li","Xavier Lladó","Miguel Luna","Qaiser Mahmood","Richard McKinley","Alireza Mehrtash","Sébastien Ourselin","Bo-yong Park","HyunJin Park","Sang Hyun Park","Simon Pezold","Elodie Puybareau","Leticia Rittner","Carole H. Sudre","Sergi Valverde","Verónica Vilaplana","Roland Wiest","Yongchao Xu","Ziyue Xu","Guodong Zeng","Jian-Guo Zhang","Guoyan Zheng","Christopher Chen","Wiesje van der Flier","Frederik Barkhof","Max A. Viergever","Geert Jan Biessels"],"abstract":"Quantification of cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMH) of presumed\nvascular origin is of key importance in many neurological research studies.\nCurrently, measurements are often still obtained from manual segmentations on\nbrain MR images, which is a laborious procedure. Automatic WMH segmentation\nmethods exist, but a standardized comparison of the performance of such methods\nis lacking. We organized a scientific challenge, in which developers could\nevaluate their method on a standardized multi-center/-scanner image dataset,\ngiving an objective comparison: the WMH Segmentation Challenge\n(https://wmh.isi.uu.nl/).\n  Sixty T1+FLAIR images from three MR scanners were released with manual WMH\nsegmentations for training. A test set of 110 images from five MR scanners was\nused for evaluation. Segmentation methods had to be containerized and submitted\nto the challenge organizers. Five evaluation metrics were used to rank the\nmethods: (1) Dice similarity coefficient, (2) modified Hausdorff distance (95th\npercentile), (3) absolute log-transformed volume difference, (4) sensitivity\nfor detecting individual lesions, and (5) F1-score for individual lesions.\nAdditionally, methods were ranked on their inter-scanner robustness.\n  Twenty participants submitted their method for evaluation. This paper\nprovides a detailed analysis of the results. In brief, there is a cluster of\nfour methods that rank significantly better than the other methods, with one\nclear winner. The inter-scanner robustness ranking shows that not all methods\ngeneralize to unseen scanners.\n  The challenge remains open for future submissions and provides a public\nplatform for method evaluation.","url_abs":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1904.00682v1","url_pdf":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1904.00682v1.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"standardized-assessment-of-automatic","repo_url":"https://github.com/hjkuijf/wmhchallenge","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"none","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"segmentation","task_name":"Segmentation"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":"https://app.syntology.ai/?focus=1904.00682","mcp":{"get_harvested_code_for_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1904.00682"}},"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers","read_at":"2026-09-24T18:15:14+00:00","read_at_is":"when the build read Syntology's graph, not when any sample ran","claim":"Per-sample execution status on synthesized fixtures; not a correctness claim about the paper. Samples come from repositories linked to the paper, official or community; repo_kind says which.","repos":[{"provenance":"external:paperswithcode_snapshot_2025-07-28","url":"https://github.com/hjkuijf/wmhchallenge","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}}],"summary":{"unverified":1},"by_repo_kind":{"official":{"samples":1,"ran":0,"repositories":1}},"repo_kind_vocabulary":{"official":"The archive marks this repository official for the paper","named_in_paper":"The archive records that the paper mentions this repository; it is not marked official","listed":"In the archive's code links for this paper, not marked official and not recorded as mentioned in the paper","found_in_text":"Syntology found this repository in the paper's own text; whether it is the authors' implementation is not asserted","community":"Not in the archive's code links for this paper; a community repository Syntology harvested"},"n_pointer_only_for_licence":0,"samples":[{"code_sha256_prefix":"83ec6dc92e831d85","entry":"getResultFilename","repo":"hjkuijf/wmhchallenge","repo_kind":"official","path":"evaluation.py","file_url":"https://github.com/hjkuijf/wmhchallenge/blob/HEAD/evaluation.py","link_basis":"first_harvest_node","language":"python","status":"unverified","verification_level":0,"contract_check":null,"metamorphic_tier":null,"behaviour_fingerprint":false,"licence":"MIT","inline_ok":true,"mcp_get_code":{"code_sha256":"83ec6dc92e831d85"}}]},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}