{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/recovering-sign-bits-of-dct-coefficients-in","title":"Recovering Sign Bits of DCT Coefficients in Digital Images as an Optimization Problem","arxiv_id":"2211.01096","date":"2022-11-02","proceeding":null,"authors":["Ruiyuan Lin","Sheng Liu","Jun Jiang","Shujun Li","Chengqing Li","C. -C. Jay Kuo"],"abstract":"Recovering unknown, missing, damaged, distorted, or lost information in DCT coefficients is a common task in multiple applications of digital image processing, including image compression, selective image encryption, and image communication. This paper investigates the recovery of sign bits in DCT coefficients of digital images, by proposing two different approximation methods to solve a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem, which is NP-hard in general. One method is a relaxation of the MILP problem to a linear programming (LP) problem, and the other splits the original MILP problem into some smaller MILP problems and an LP problem. We considered how the proposed methods can be applied to JPEG-encoded images and conducted extensive experiments to validate their performances. The experimental results showed that the proposed methods outperformed other existing methods by a substantial margin, both according to objective quality metrics and our subjective evaluation.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.01096v2","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.01096v2.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"recovering-sign-bits-of-dct-coefficients-in","repo_url":"https://github.com/chengqingli/dct_sbr","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"none","reach":null}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"image-compression","task_name":"Image Compression"},{"task_slug":"ssim","task_name":"SSIM"}],"methods":[],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"syntology_url":null,"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}