{"about":{"site":"https://codewithpapers.app","non_affiliation":"Code with Papers and Syntology are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Papers with Code, Meta, or the pwc-archive mirror.","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","attribution":"https://codewithpapers.app/attribution","modified":"archive material modified by Syntology; see the attribution page"},"url":"/paper/raw-waveform-speaker-verification-for","title":"Pushing the limits of raw waveform speaker recognition","arxiv_id":"2203.08488","date":"2022-03-16","proceeding":null,"authors":["Jee-weon Jung","You Jin Kim","Hee-Soo Heo","Bong-Jin Lee","Youngki Kwon","Joon Son Chung"],"abstract":"In recent years, speaker recognition systems based on raw waveform inputs have received increasing attention. However, the performance of such systems are typically inferior to the state-of-the-art handcrafted feature-based counterparts, which demonstrate equal error rates under 1% on the popular VoxCeleb1 test set. This paper proposes a novel speaker recognition model based on raw waveform inputs. The model incorporates recent advances in machine learning and speaker verification, including the Res2Net backbone module and multi-layer feature aggregation. Our best model achieves an equal error rate of 0.89%, which is competitive with the state-of-the-art models based on handcrafted features, and outperforms the best model based on raw waveform inputs by a large margin. We also explore the application of the proposed model in the context of self-supervised learning framework. Our self-supervised model outperforms single phase-based existing works in this line of research. Finally, we show that self-supervised pre-training is effective for the semi-supervised scenario where we only have a small set of labelled training data, along with a larger set of unlabelled examples.","url_abs":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.08488v2","url_pdf":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.08488v2.pdf","source":{"archive":"pwc-archive (Hugging Face), CC BY-SA 4.0","snapshot":"2025-07-28","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode","row_kind":"abstracts"},"code_links":[{"paper_slug":"raw-waveform-speaker-verification-for","repo_url":"https://github.com/Jungjee/RawNet","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"tf","reach":{"status":"ok","spdx":"MIT"}},{"paper_slug":"raw-waveform-speaker-verification-for","repo_url":"https://github.com/clovaai/voxceleb_trainer","is_official":1,"mentioned_in_paper":1,"mentioned_in_github":0,"framework":"pytorch","reach":null}],"tasks":[{"task_slug":"self-supervised-learning","task_name":"Self-Supervised Learning"},{"task_slug":"speaker-recognition","task_name":"Speaker Recognition"},{"task_slug":"speaker-verification","task_name":"Speaker Verification"}],"methods":[{"method_slug":"1x1-convolution","method_name":"1x1 Convolution"},{"method_slug":"average-pooling","method_name":"Average Pooling"},{"method_slug":"batch-normalization","method_name":"Batch Normalization"},{"method_slug":"convolution","method_name":"Convolution"},{"method_slug":"global-average-pooling","method_name":"Global Average Pooling"},{"method_slug":"kaiming-initialization","method_name":"Kaiming Initialization"},{"method_slug":"relu","method_name":"ReLU"},{"method_slug":"res2net","method_name":"Res2Net"},{"method_slug":"res2net-block","method_name":"Res2Net Block"},{"method_slug":"residual-connection","method_name":"Residual Connection"}],"datasets_introduced":[],"methods_introduced":[],"results":[],"syntology":{"atlas_url":null,"mcp":null,"developers":"https://syntology.ai/developers"},"arxiv_metadata":null,"syntology_extracted_results":null}